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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

The Price of Ignorance: Information-Free Quotation for Data Retention in Machine Unlearning

Bin Han, Di Feng, Zexin Fang, Jie Wang, Hans D. Schotten ยท 2026

When users exercise data deletion rights under the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and similar regulations, mobile network operators face a tradeoff: excessive machine unlearning degrades moโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Policy Split: Incentivizing Dual-Mode Exploration in LLM Reinforcement with Dual-Mode Entropy Regularization

Jiashu Yao, Heyan Huang, Chuwei Luo, Daiqing Wu, Zeming Liu, Yuhang Guo, Yangyang Kang ยท 2026

To encourage diverse exploration in reinforcement learning (RL) for large language models (LLMs) without compromising accuracy, we propose Policy Split, a novel paradigm that bifurcates the policy intโ€ฆ

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Deep Learning for Sequential Decision Making under Uncertainty: Foundations, Frameworks, and Frontiers

I. Esra Buyuktahtakin ยท 2026

Artificial intelligence (AI) is moving increasingly beyond prediction to support decisions in complex, uncertain, and dynamic environments. This shift creates a natural intersection with operations reโ€ฆ

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

RedShell: A Generative AI-Based Approach to Ethical Hacking

Ricardo Bessa, Rui Claro, Joao Trindade, Joao Lourenco ยท 2026

The application of Machine Learning techniques in code generation is now a common practice for most developers. Tools such as ChatGPT from OpenAI leverage the natural language processing capabilities โ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Revisiting Compositionality in Dual-Encoder Vision-Language Models: The Role of Inference

Imanol Miranda, Ander Salaberria, Eneko Agirre, Gorka Azkune ยท 2026

Dual-encoder Vision-Language Models (VLMs) such as CLIP are often characterized as bag-of-words systems due to their poor performance on compositional benchmarks. We argue that this limitation may steโ€ฆ

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Machine Learning-Enabled Mechanical Analysis and Optimization of Bioinspired Functionally Graded Materials

Zhangke Yang, Zhaoxu Meng ยท 2026

Tendon-bone enthesis connects tendon and bone, two mechanically dissimilar materials, while effectively minimizing stress concentrations, a capability rarely achieved in engineering materials. Its hieโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

ADD for Multi-Bit Image Watermarking

An Luo, Jie Ding ยท 2026

As generative models enable rapid creation of high-fidelity images, societal concerns about misinformation and authenticity have intensified. A promising remedy is multi-bit image watermarking, which โ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

CAGenMol: Condition-Aware Diffusion Language Model for Goal-Directed Molecular Generation

Yanting Li, Zhuoyang Jiang, Enyan Dai, Lei Wang, Wen-Cai Ye, Li Liu ยท 2026

Goal-directed molecular generation requires satisfying heterogeneous constraints such as protein--ligand compatibility and multi-objective drug-like properties, yet existing methods often optimize theโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

OOM-RL: Out-of-Money Reinforcement Learning Market-Driven Alignment for LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems

Kun Liu, Liqun Chen ยท 2026

The alignment of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) for autonomous software engineering is constrained by evaluator epistemic uncertainty. Current paradigms, such as Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback โ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Learning How Much to Think: Difficulty-Aware Dynamic MoEs for Graph Node Classification

Jiajun Zhou, Yadong Li, Xuanze Chen, Chen Ma, Chuang Zhao, Shanqing Yu, Qi Xuan ยท 2026

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures offer a scalable path for Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) in node classification tasks but typically rely on static and rigid routing strategies that enforce a unifโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Three Roles, One Model: Role Orchestration at Inference Time to Close the Performance Gap Between Small and Large Agents

S. Aaron McClendon, Jorge Gallego-Feliciano, Stavros Zervoudakis, Antonios Saravanos ยท 2026

Large language model (LLM) agents show promise on realistic tool-use tasks, but deploying capable agents on modest hardware remains challenging. We study whether inference-time scaffolding alone, withโ€ฆ

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Engineering Preprint PDF DOI

To Learn or Not to Learn: A Litmus Test for Using Reinforcement Learning in Control

Victor Schulte, Michael Eichelbeck, Matthias Althoff ยท 2026

Reinforcement learning (RL) can be a powerful alternative to classical control methods when standard model-based control is insufficient, e.g., when deriving a suitable model is intractable or impossiโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Escaping the Context Bottleneck: Active Context Curation for LLM Agents via Reinforcement Learning

Xiaozhe Li, Tianyi Lyu, Yizhao Yang, Liang Shan, Siyi Yang, Ligao Zhang, Zhuoyi Huang, Qingwen Liu, Yang Li ยท 2026

Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle with long-horizon tasks due to the "context bottleneck" and the "lost-in-the-middle" phenomenon, where accumulated noise from verbose environments degrades reasonโ€ฆ

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Functional Misalignment in Human-AI Interactions on Digital Platforms

Kristina Lerman ยท 2026

Algorithmic systems, particularly social media recommenders, have achieved remarkable success in predicting behavior. By optimizing for observable signals such as clicks, views, and engagement, these โ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

An Empirical Comparison of Methods for Quantifying the Similarity of Categorical Datasets

Marieke Stolte, Jorg Rahnenfuhrer, Andrea Bommert ยท 2026

Quantifying the similarity of two or more datasets has widespread applications in statistics and machine learning. The method choice is, however, difficult due to the abundance of proposed methods andโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Low-rank Optimization Trajectories Modeling for LLM RLVR Acceleration

Zhipeng Chen, Tao Qian, Wayne Xin Zhao, Ji-Rong Wen ยท 2026

Recently, scaling reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) for large language models (LLMs) has emerged as an effective training paradigm for significantly improving model capabilities, wโ€ฆ

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Data-efficient extraction of optical properties from 3D Monte Carlo TPSFs using Bi-LSTM transfer learning

Joubine Aghili, Remi Imbach, Anne Pallares, Philippe Schmitt, Wilfried Uhring ยท 2026

Time-Resolved Spectroscopy (TRS) is a powerful modality for non-invasive characterization of turbid media. However, extracting optical properties, absorption $\mu_a$ and reduced scattering $\mu_s'$, fโ€ฆ

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Engineering Preprint PDF DOI

Dyadic Partnership(DP): A Missing Link Towards Full Autonomy in Medical Robotics

Nassir Navab, Zhongliang Jiang ยท 2026

For the past decades medical robotic solutions were mostly based on the concept of tele-manipulation. While their design was extremely intelligent, allowing for better access, improved dexterity, reduโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Emulating Non-Differentiable Metrics via Knowledge-Guided Learning: Introducing the Minkowski Image Loss

Filippo Quarenghi, Ryan Cotsakis, Tom Beucler ยท 2026

The ``differentiability gap'' presents a primary bottleneck in Earth system deep learning: since models cannot be trained directly on non-differentiable scientific metrics and must rely on smooth proxโ€ฆ

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Engineering Preprint PDF DOI

Data-driven augmentation of first-principles models under constraint-free well-posedness and stability guarantees

Bendeguz Gyorok, Roel Drenth, Chris Verhoek, Tamas Peni, Maarten Schoukens, Roland Toth ยท 2026

The integration of first-principles models with learning-based components, i.e., model augmentation, has gained increasing attention, as it offers higher model accuracy and faster convergence propertiโ€ฆ

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