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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Unsafe and Unused? A History of Utility Code in Mature Open Source Projects

Brandon Keller, Kaitlin Yandik, Angela Ngo, Andy Meneely · 2026

Filenames are a concise means of conveying information about source code to fellow developers. One such convention is util. Commonly understood to stand for "utility", filenames with the letters util …

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Index-Assisted Stratified Sampling for Online Aggregation

Yunnan Yu, Zhuoyue Zhao · 2026

Ad-hoc queries over frequently updated data in a flat schema are common in real-time data analysis applications and often require very low latency. Online aggregation can achieve so by providing appro…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

SimEval-IR: A Unified Toolkit and Benchmark Suite for Evaluating User Simulators and Search Sessions

Saber Zerhoudi · 2026

User simulators are increasingly central to interactive information retrieval, yet the community lacks standardized evaluation tools. Simulators serve two objectives, behavioral realism (matching real…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews

Riley Grossman, Songjiang Liu, Michael K. Chen, Mike Smith, Cristian Borcea, Yi Chen · 2026

Generative AI is being increasingly integrated into web search for the convenience it provides users. In this work, we aim to understand how generative AI disrupts web search by retrieving and present…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

VOW: Verifiable and Oblivious Watermark Detection for Large Language Models

Xiaokun Luan, Yihao Zhang, Pengcheng Su, Feiran Lei, Meng Sun · 2026

Large Language Model (LLM) watermarking is crucial for establishing the provenance of machine-generated text, but most existing methods rely on a centralized trust model. This model forces users to re…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Pragmos: A Process Agentic Modeling System

Pedro-Aaron Hernandez-Avalos, Luciano Garcia-Banuelos · 2026

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly transformed tasks across Software Engineering. In the context of Business Process Management, LLMs are now being explored as tools to deriv…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

What Suppresses Nash Equilibrium Play in Large Language Models? Mechanistic Evidence and Causal Control

Paraskevas V. Lekeas, Giorgos Stamatopoulos · 2026

LLM agents are known to deviate from Nash equilibria in strategic interactions, but nobody has looked inside the model to understand why, or asked whether the deviation can be reversed. We do both. …

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

A 3GPP Perspective on Spectrum Sharing for the 5G-to-6G Migration: From DSS to MRSS

Xingqin Lin · 2026

Dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) played an important role in the 4G-to-5G transition by allowing 5G new radio (NR) to enter valuable legacy spectrum without immediate static refarming. Yet practical dep…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Multi-TRP Assisted UAV Detection in 3GPP 5G-Advanced ISAC Network

Neeraj Varshney, Steve Blandino, Jian Wang, Anuraag Bodi, Camillo Gentile, Nada Golmie · 2026

ISAC is currently being standardized within the 3GPP New Radio (NR) to enable cellular infrastructure to perform sensing using existing communication waveforms. While standardization is progressing, p…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Emotive Architectures: The Role of LLMs in Adjusting Work Environments

Lara Vartziotis, Tina Vartziotis, Frank Beutenmueller, Stella Salta, Konstantinos Moraitis, Miltiadis Katsaros, Sotirios Kotsopoulos · 2026

In remote and hybrid work contexts, the integration of physical and digital environments is revolutionizing spatial experiences, collaboration, and interpersonal interactions. This study examines thre…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

SnapGuard: Lightweight Prompt Injection Detection for Screenshot-Based Web Agents

Mengyao Du, Han Fang, Haokai Ma, Jiahao Chen, Kai Xu, Quanjun Yin, Ee-Chien Chang · 2026

Web agents have emerged as an effective paradigm for automating interactions with complex web environments, yet remain vulnerable to prompt injection attacks that embed malicious instructions into web…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Economical and ecological impact of sector coupling applied to computing clusters

P. Bechtle, O. Freyermuth, M. Geffers, M. Giffels, M. Hubner, F. Kirfel, J. Kreutz, S. Krieg, S. Matberg, M. Schnepf · 2026

The rising share of abundant renewable energy inevitably increases volatility in the electricity production. The concept of sector coupling means that the volatility of electricity production to a lar…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

AI as Consumer and Participant: A Co-Design Agenda for MBSE Substrates and Methodology

Siyuan Ji · 2026

AI tools are being deployed over MBSE models today, and those models were not designed for this kind of consumption. The problem is not simply that tools hallucinate: well-prompted frontier models pro…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

R-CoT: A Reasoning-Layer Watermark via Redundant Chain-of-Thought in Large Language Models

Ziming Zhang, Li Li, Guorui Feng, Hanzhou Wu, Xinpeng Zhang · 2026

Large language models (LLMs) are widely deployed in multiple scenarios due to reasoning capabilities. In order to prevent the models from being misused, watermarking is generally employed to ensure ow…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Feature Anchors for Time-Series Sensor-Based Human Activity Recognition

Ruijie Yao, Chenhang Li, Danyang Zhuo, Tingjun Chen, Xiaoyue Ni · 2026

Wearable Human Activity Recognition (HAR) still lacks a representation that is both explicit and adaptable. Handcrafted time-series features (TSFs) capture meaningful motion statistics and remain comp…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Does This Even Matter in the Real World? Real World Problems in Foundational Theory Courses

Anna Kuznetsova · 2026

Discrete mathematics and probability theory contain foundational material for computer scientists. Despite their importance, instructors often worry that students will find these courses to be too abs…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Logic of Fuzzy Paths

Kush Grover, Pratham Gupta, Jan Kretinsky · 2026

We introduce a new family of temporal logics intended for specifications in motion planning (MP). It builds upon the signal temporal logic (STL), which is a linear-time logic over real-valued signals …

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Defective Task Descriptions in LLM-Based Code Generation: Detection and Analysis

Amal Akli, Mike Papadakis, Maxime Cordy, Yves Le Traon · 2026

Large language models are widely used for code generation, yet they rely on an implicit assumption that the task descriptions are sufficiently detailed and well-formed. However, in practice, users may…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Verification of Correlated Equilibria in Concurrent Reachability Games

Senthil Rajasekaran, Jean-Francois Raskin, Moshe Y. Vardi · 2026

As part of an effort to apply the rigorous guarantees of formal verification to multi-agent systems, the field of equilibrium analysis, also called rational verification, studies equilibria in multipl…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Measuring the Unmeasurable: Markov Chain Reliability for LLM Agents

Phat T. Tran-Truong, Xuan-Bach Le · 2026

Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly operate as sequential software systems, but their reliability is often summarized by scalar benchmark metrics. Metrics such as pass$@k$, pass$^k$, and th…

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