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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Superpolynomial Length Lower Bounds for Tree-Like Semantic Proof Systems with Bounded Line Size

Susanna F. de Rezende, David Engstrom, Yassine Ghannane, Kilian Risse · 2026

We prove superpolynomial length lower bounds for the semantic tree-like Frege refutation system with bounded line size. Concretely, for any function $n^{2-\varepsilon} \leq s(n) \leq 2^{n^{1-\varepsil…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Optimal current-based sensing of phonon temperature using a finite reservoir

Sindre Brattegard, Stephanie Matern, Mark T. Mitchison, Saulo V. Moreira · 2026

In realistic nanoscale transport set-ups, electron-phonon coupling leads to the exchange of heat between phonon baths and electronic reservoirs with finite heat capacities. Such exchange affects the f…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

D3-Gym: Constructing Real-World Verifiable Environments for Data-Driven Discovery

Hanane Nour Moussa, Yifei Li, Zhuoyang Li, Yankai Yang, Cheng Tang, Tianshu Zhang, Nesreen K. Ahmed, Ali Payani, Ziru Chen, Huan Sun · 2026

Despite recent progress in language models and agents for scientific data-driven discovery, further advancing their capabilities is held back by the absence of verifiable environments representing rea…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Calibrating Attribution Proxies for Reward Allocation in Participatory Weather Sensing

Mark C. Ballandies, Michael T. C. Chiu, Claudio J. Tessone · 2026

Large-scale IoT weather sensing networks require incentive mechanisms to sustain participation, yet determining how much value individual data contributions bring to the network remains an open proble…

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Economics & Finance Preprint PDF DOI

Distributionally Robust Insurance under Bregman-Wasserstein Divergence

Wenjun Jiang, Qingqing Zhang, Yiying Zhang · 2026

This paper investigates two optimal insurance contracting problems under distributional uncertainty from the perspective of a potential policyholder, utilizing a Bregman-Wasserstein (BW) ball to chara…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Some Properties and Uses of the Species Scale

Luis E. Ibanez · 2026

The 'Species Scale' has proved to be an important concept when studying consistent effective actions in Quantum Gravity. This is a short summary of my contribution to the Corfu Summer Institute in Sep…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Expected hyperbolic volumes of random beta polytopes

Zakhar Kabluchko, Philipp Schange · 2026

Let $X_1,\ldots,X_n$ be independent random points in the closed unit ball of $\mathbb{R}^d$. Assume that each $X_i$ has a beta distribution with parameter $\beta_i \ge -1$: if $\beta_i>-1$, then $X_i$…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

RuC: HDL-Agnostic Rule Completion Benchmark Generation

Arnau Ayguade Domingo, Miquel Alberti-Binimelis, Cristian Gutierrez-Gomez, Emanuele Parisi, Razine Moundir Ghorab, Miquel Moreto, Gokcen Kestor, Dario Garcia-Gasulla · 2026

Large Language Models (LLMs) have rapidly improved in performance across code-related tasks, making their integration into Register Transfer Level (RTL) development increasingly attractive. Mimicking …

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Probing dust properties through polarized scattered-light images of a sample of ring-shaped protoplanetary disks

Maxime Roumesy, Francois Menard, Gaspard Duchene, Ryo Tazaki, Christian Ginski · 2026

The evolution of protoplanetary disks, especially in the early stages of planetary formation, as dust grows, is the cornerstone of the birth of planets. The mechanisms involved in the growth of sub-mi…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Neuronal arithmetic operators based on Ovonic threshold switches (OTS) for biologically inspired analog computing

Jingyeong Hwang, Jaesang Lee, Jiin Bang, Younghyun Lee, Unhyeon Kang, Seungmin Oh, Kyungmin Lee, Jaehyun Park, Seongsik Park, Hyun Jae Jang, Sangbum Kim, Min Hyuk Park, Suyoun Lee · 2026

Biological neurons perform arithmetic computations - including additive integration and divisive gain modulation - through synaptic conductance changes and shunting inhibition, enabling context-depend…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Math Education Digital Shadows for facilitating learning with LLMs: Math performance, anxiety and confidence in simulated students and AIs

Naomi Esposito, Anthony Tricarico, Luisa Porzio, Ali Aghazadeh Ardebili, Massimo Stella · 2026

To enhance LLMs' impact on math education, we need data on their mathematical prowess and biases across prompts. To fill this gap, we introduce MEDS (Math Education Digital Shadows) as a dataset mappi…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Structural description of (bull, house)-free graphs

Manoj Belavadi, Chinh T. Hoang · 2026

The bull is a graph consisting of a triangle and two pendant edges. The P_5 is the chordless path on five vertices. The house is the complement of a P_5. A graph is k-critical if it is k-chromatic but…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Finite-time blow-up in a class of chemotaxis systems with spatially heterogeneous diffusion sensitivity

Yashuang Zhao, Shijun Li, Shaopeng Xu · 2026

\indent In this paper, we study a class of parabolic-elliptic Keller-Segel systems with diffusion sensitivity dependent on spatial position, given by type \begin{equation} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Exotic Surfaces in 4-manifolds and Surface Corks

Cindy Zhang · 2026

A fundamental result in 4-manifold topology asserts that every exotic smooth structure on a simply connected closed 4-manifold is determined by a cork -- a codimension-zero compact, contractible subma…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

COHERENCE: Benchmarking Fine-Grained Image-Text Alignment in Interleaved Multimodal Contexts

Bingli Wang, Huanze Tang, Haijun Lv, Zhishan Lin, Lixin Gu, Lei Feng, Qipeng Guo, Kai Chen · 2026

In recent years, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable progress on a wide range of multimodal benchmarks. Despite these advances, most existing benchmarks mainly focus on s…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Multirate characterization of relaxation mechanisms for two nonequivalent nuclear spins 1/2 in a liquid using maximally entangled pseudo-pure quantum states

Georgiy Baroncha, Alexander Perepukhov, Boris V. Fine · 2026

Multirate characterization of spin responses in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a promising approach to fingerprinting complex molecules in the presence of multiple relaxation mechanisms. Here we …

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Derivation of the Born Rule and Operational Quantum Formalism in the Accessibility Framework through Boundary Reduction

Everett Fall, Hironori Kondo · 2026

We show that the operational quantum formalism -- the Born rule, L\"uders state updating, quantum interference, non-Markovian effective dynamics, and Bell inequality violation at the Tsirelson bound \…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Energy-Dependent Polarization Angle Variability as a Robust Diagnostic for Blazar Flaring Mechanisms

Haocheng Zhang, Benjamin de Jonge, Manel Errando, Xiaocan Li, Fan Guo · 2026

Identifying the physical mechanism driving blazar flares remains a central challenge in high-energy astrophysics. We show that the energy dependence of the standard deviation of the polarization angle…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Rethinking Nonlocality: Locality, Counterfactuals, and the EPR-Bell Argument

Partha Ghose · 2026

The widespread claim that violations of Bell inequalities establish the nonlocality of nature is critically reexamined. It is argued that this conclusion is not logically compelled by either the Einst…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

On the monotonicity of affine quermassintegrals

Shibing Chen, Yuanyuan Li, Xianduo Wang · 2026

Lutwak's affine quermassintegral theory is a foundational component of modern affine Brunn--Minkowski theory. Developed in the 1980s, it provides affine analogues of the classical quermassintegrals an…

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