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Biology & Life Sciences Preprint PDF DOI

Neural Investment as an Entropy-Budget Strategy: A Thermodynamic Derivation of Primate Longevity from the Principle of Biological Time Equivalence

Mesfin Taye · 2026

Primates exhibit a robust deviation from canonical allometric scaling: at fixed body mass, their lifespans exceed those of non-primate mammals by factors of two to three. A rhesus macaque (8 kg) lives…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

YOSO: single-frame Gerchberg-Saxton phase retrieval with AI-based data augmentation for in-line holography

Julianna Winnik, Adam Walocha, Wojciech Ogonowski, Wiktor Forjasz, Piotr Arcab, Miko{l}aj Rogalski, Aleksandra Rutkowska, Marzena Stefaniuk, Jose Angel Picazo-Bueno, Vicente Mico, Maciej Trusiak, Maria Cywinska · 2026

We present YOSO (You Only Shot Once), a single-frame phase retrieval framework for digital in-line holographic microscopy (DIHM) in which supervised deep learning is used to numerically generate an ad…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Neuronal arithmetic operators based on Ovonic threshold switches (OTS) for biologically inspired analog computing

Jingyeong Hwang, Jaesang Lee, Jiin Bang, Younghyun Lee, Unhyeon Kang, Seungmin Oh, Kyungmin Lee, Jaehyun Park, Seongsik Park, Hyun Jae Jang, Sangbum Kim, Min Hyuk Park, Suyoun Lee · 2026

Biological neurons perform arithmetic computations - including additive integration and divisive gain modulation - through synaptic conductance changes and shunting inhibition, enabling context-depend…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Adjoint Inversion Reveals Holographic Superposition and Destructive Interference in CNN Classifiers

Kaixiang Shu · 2026

A foundational assumption in CNN interpretability -- that deep encoders suppress background pixels while classifiers merely select from a cleaned feature pool (the Spatial Funnel Hypothesis) -- remain…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

BrainDINO: A Brain MRI Foundation Model for Generalizable Clinical Representation Learning

Yizhou Wu, Shansong Wang, Yuheng Li, Mojtaba Safari, Mingzhe Hu, Chih-Wei Chang, Harini Veeraraghavan, Xiaofeng Yang · 2026

Brain MRI underpins a wide range of neuroscientific and clinical applications, yet most learning-based methods remain task-specific and require substantial labeled data. Here we show that a single sel…

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Economics & Finance Preprint PDF DOI

Bootstrap Inference in Nonlinear Panel Data Models with Interactive Fixed Effects

Haoyuan Xu, Wei Miao, Geert Dhaene, Jad Beyhum · 2026

The maximum likelihood estimator in nonlinear panel data models with interactive fixed effects is biased. Several bias correction methods, such as analytical and jackknife approaches, have been propos…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Population Dynamics in ARIEL Robotics Systems Featuring Embodied Evolution via Spatial Mating Mechanisms

Victoria Peterson, Akshat Srivastava, Raghav Prabhakar · 2026

We present a Spatially Embedded Evolutionary Algorithm where robot individuals exist in a physically simulated 2D environment, must navigate to encounter potential mates, and compete for survival unde…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

A Multi-Dataset Benchmark of Multiple Instance Learning for 3D Neuroimage Classification

Ethan Harvey, Dennis Johan Loevlie, Amir Ali Satani, Wansu Chen, David M. Kent, Michael C. Hughes · 2026

Despite being resource-intensive to train, 3D convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been the standard approach to classify CT and MRI scans. Recent work suggests that deep multiple instance learni…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Super-resolution Multi-signal Direction-of-Arrival Estimation by Hankel-structured Sensing and Decomposition

Georgios I. Orfanidis, Dimitris A. Pados, George Sklivanitis, Elizabeth Serena Bentley · 2026

Motivated by sensing modalities in modern autonomous systems that involve hardware-constrained spatial sampling over large arrays with limited coherence time, we develop a novel framework for rapid su…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Hankel and Toeplitz Rank-1 Decomposition of Arbitrary Matrices with Applications to Signal Direction-of-Arrival Estimation

Georgios I. Orfanidis, Dimitris A. Pados, George Sklivanitis, Elizabeth Serena Bentley · 2026

We consider the problems of computing the optimal rank-$1$ Hankel and Toeplitz-structured approximation of arbitrary matrices under $L_2$ and $L_1$-norm error. Such problems arise naturally in enginee…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Recovering Product BMO from Schatten Hankel operators

Konstantinos Bampouras, Karl-Mikael Perfekt · 2026

We prove that if a small Hankel operator on the product Hardy space belongs to some Schatten class $S^p$, $p < \infty$, then it has a symbol in product BMO. In other words, the conclusion of Nehari's …

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Projections for handling uncertainties and enabling domain truncation in diffuse optical tomography

Aada Hakula, Pauliina Hirvi, Nuutti Hyvonen, Altti Jaaskelainen, Ville Kolehmainen · 2026

This paper presents a projection-based technique to mitigate the impact of modeling errors related to domain truncation, changes in the optode coupling coefficients, and misspecified optical parameter…

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Engineering Preprint PDF DOI

Fuelling fusion plasmas with pellets: Can neuromorphic control outperform Sigma-Delta modulation?

L.L.T.C. Jansen, E. Petri, M. van Berkel, W.P.M.H. Heemels · 2026

Nuclear fusion is a promising clean energy source in which deuterium and tritium fuse inside a magnetically confined plasma in a tokamak, releasing energy. A key challenge on the route to practical nu…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

ViBE: Visual-to-M/EEG Brain Encoding via Spatio-Temporal VAE and Distribution-Aligned Projection

Ganxi Xu, Zhao-Rong Lai, Yuting Tang, Yonghao Song, Shuyan Zhou, Guoxu Zhou, Boyu Wang, Jian Zhu, Jinyi Long · 2026

Brain encoding models not only serve to decipher how visual stimuli are transformed into neural responses, but also represent a critical step toward visual prostheses that restore vision for patients …

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

A Data-Centric Framework for Intraoperative Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging for Glioma Surgical Guidance

Silvia Noble Anbunesan, Mohamed Abul Hassan, Jinyi Qi, Lisanne Kraft, Han Sung Lee, Orin Bloch, Laura Marcu · 2026

Accurate intraoperative assessment of glioma infiltration is essential for maximizing tumor resection while preserving functional brain tissue. Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIm) offers real-time, l…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Think Before You Act -- A Neurocognitive Governance Model for Autonomous AI Agents

Eranga Bandara, Ross Gore, Asanga Gunaratna, Sachini Rajapakse, Isurunima Kularathna, Ravi Mukkamala, Sachin Shetty, Xueping Liang, Amin Hass, Tharaka Hewa, Abdul Rahman, Christopher K. Rhea, Anita H. Clayton, Preston Samuel, Atmaram Yarlagadda · 2026

The rapid deployment of autonomous AI agents across enterprise, healthcare, and safety-critical environments has created a fundamental governance gap. Existing approaches, runtime guardrails, training…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Embedded Rust or C Firmware? Lessons from an Industrial Microcontroller Use Case with Ariel OS

Bipin Thapa, Daniele Alfonso, Lorenzo Bini, Licio Mapelli, Kaspar Schleiser, Romain Fouquet, Emmanuel Baccelli · 2026

As Rust gains traction for developing safer systems software, a reality check for the microcontroller hardware segment becomes necessary. How ready is the Rust ecosystem for this segment? Can Rust com…

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Engineering Preprint PDF DOI

SlicerRoboTMS: An Open-Source 3D Slicer Extension for Robot-Assisted Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Wenzhi Bai, Yituo Guo, Bhaskar Basu, Andrew Weightman, Zhenhong Li · 2026

Robot-assisted Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (Robo-TMS) is an image-guided robotic intervention that enhances the accuracy and reproducibility of conventional Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TM…

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Neuroscience Preprint PDF DOI

A geometry aware framework enhances noninvasive mapping of whole human brain dynamics

Song Wang, Kexin Lou, Chen Wei, Zhiyuan Sheng, Jiahao Tang, Kaining Peng, Xinke Shen, Shuhao Mei, Liang Chen, Dongfeng Gu, Quanying Liu · 2026

Non-invasive electrophysiology lacks methods that accurately reconstruct whole-brain spatiotemporal dynamics while incorporating individual cortical geometry, leaving current electroencephalography an…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

CoRE: Concept-Reasoning Expansion for Continual Brain Lesion Segmentation

Qianqian Chen, Anglin Liu, Jingyang Zhang, Yudong Zhang · 2026

Accurate brain lesion segmentation in MRI is vital for effective clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. Due to high annotation costs and strict data privacy regulations, universal models require e…

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