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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Toward Multimodal Conversational AI for Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Ran Gu, Benjamin Hou, Melanie Hebert, Asmita Indurkar, Yifan Yang, Emily Y. Chew, Tiarnan D. L. Keenan, Zhiyong Lu · 2026

Despite strong performance of deep learning models in retinal disease detection, most systems produce static predictions without clinical reasoning or interactive explanation. Recent advances in multi…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Credo: Declarative Control of LLM Pipelines via Beliefs and Policies

Duo Lu, Andrew Crotty, Ugur Cetintemel · 2026

Agentic AI systems are becoming commonplace in domains that require long-lived, stateful decision-making in continuously evolving conditions. As such, correctness depends not only on the output of ind…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Identifying signatures of inflow onto face-on galaxies using the Balmer decrement

Meghna Sitaram, Hui Li, Yong Zheng, Greg L. Bryan, Mary Putman, Aaron Smith, Rahul Kannan · 2026

Isolated star-forming galaxies require inflows of fresh gas from the surrounding medium to sustain episodes of star formation over time. However, there are very few direct detections of accretion onto…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

The Impact of Fuzzy Dark Matter Dynamics on the Accumulation and Fragmentation of Primordial Gas

Alexander Tocher, Anastasia Fialkov, Simon May, Ralf S. Klessen, Simon C. O. Glover, Paul C. Clark, Tibor Dome · 2026

Fuzzy Dark Matter (FDM), particularly in the $10^{-22}$ eV mass regime is frequently used to characterize wave-like interference effects. It exhibits macroscopic wave properties, which drive distinct …

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Central Limits via Dilated Categories

Henning Basold, Oisin Flynn-Connolly, Chase Ford, Hao Wang · 2026

The Central Limit Theorem (CLT) establishes that sufficiently large sequences of independent and identically distributed random variables converge in probability to a normal distribution. This makes t…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

$\textbf{Re}^{2}$: Unlocking LLM Reasoning via Reinforcement Learning with Re-solving

Pinzheng Wang, Shuli Xu, Juntao Li, Yu Luo, Dong Li, Jianye Hao, Min Zhang · 2026

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has shown promise in enhancing the reasoning performance of large language models (LLMs) by increasing test-time compute. However, even after exte…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

CREDO: Epistemic-Aware Conformalized Credal Envelopes for Regression

Luben M. C. Cabezas, Sabina J. Sloman, Bruno M. Resende, Fanyi Wu, Michele Caprio, Rafael Izbicki · 2026

Conformal prediction delivers prediction intervals with distribution-free coverage, but its intervals can look overconfident in regions where the model is extrapolating, because standard conformal sco…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

ENhanced Galactic Atmospheres With Arepo: Resolving the CGM at 200 pc with the ENGAWA Simulations

Scott Lucchini, Cecilia Abramson, Cameron Hummels, Charlie Conroy, Lars Hernquist, Aaron Smith · 2026

Simulating the small-scale features and dynamics of the circumgalactic medium (CGM) is computationally challenging due to its large volume, low densities, multiphase structure, and chaotic environment…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Hydrodynamical simulations of helium-ignited binary white dwarf mergers

Vrutant Mehta, Vishal Tiwari, Ruediger Pakmor, Divyanshu Singh, Robert Fisher · 2026

Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are common luminous astrophysical transients. SNe Ia serve as distance indicators for measuring the expansion rate of the universe and play important roles in galactic nucl…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Cosmological Simulation with Population III Stellar Feedback and Metal Enrichment I: Model Description And Convergence Test

Bocheng Zhu, Liang Gao · 2026

We present a new Pop III + Pop II subgrid framework implemented in the moving-mesh code {\sc arepo}, designed to study the impact of Pop III feedback on star formation in the early universe. The frame…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

What Suppresses Star Formation in Bulge-Dominated Early-Type Galaxies?

Lori E. Porter, S. M. R. Jeffreson, Greg L. Bryan, Lars Hernquist · 2026

We investigate the physical origin of star formation suppression in gas-rich early-type galaxies using five high-resolution hydrodynamical idealized galaxy simulations, performed with the moving-mesh …

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

ICODEN: Ordinary Differential Equation Neural Networks for Interval-Censored Data

Haoling Wang, Lang Zeng, Tao Sun, Youngjoo Cho, Ying Ding · 2026

Predicting time-to-event outcomes when event times are interval censored is challenging because the exact event time is unobserved. Many existing survival analysis approaches for interval-censored dat…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

On Busemann subgradient methods for stochastic minimization in Hadamard spaces

Nicholas Pischke · 2026

We study the recently introduced Busemann subgradient method due to Goodwin, Lewis, Nicolae and L\'opez-Acedo, extending it to minimize the mean of a stochastic function over general Hadamard spaces. …

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

An elementary approach to non-symmetric shift operators and their q-analogs

Max van Horssen, Maarten van Pruijssen · 2026

We give an algebraic construction of shift operators for the non-symmetric Heckman-Opdam polynomials and the non-symmetric Macdonald-Koornwinder polynomials. To each linear character of the finite Wey…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Dynamic Zoom Simulations of structure formation beyond standard cosmology

Riccardo Zangarelli, Marco Baldi, Federico Marinacci, Enrico Garaldi · 2026

(Abridged) A thorough interpretation of the current and upcoming generation of cosmological observations requires unprecedented large-scale, high-resolution simulations spanning multiple cosmological …

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Tracing AGN Feedback Power with Cool/Warm Outflow Densities: Predictions and Observational Implications

Ivan Almeida, Tiago Costa, Chris M. Harrison, Samuel R. Ward · 2026

Winds launched at the scale of the accretion disc or dusty torus in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are thought to drive energy-conserving outflows that shape galaxy evolution. The key signature of such …

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Beyond Experience Retrieval: Learning to Generate Utility-Optimized Structured Experience for Frozen LLMs

Xuancheng Li, Haitao Li, Yujia Zhou, Yiqun Liu, Qingyao Ai · 2026

Large language models (LLMs) are largely static and often redo reasoning or repeat mistakes. Prior experience reuse typically relies on external retrieval, which is similarity-based, can introduce noi…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Asymmetrical thermonuclear supernovae triggered by the tidal disruption of white dwarfs

Pavan Vynatheya, Luc Dessart, Taeho Ryu, Rudiger Pakmor · 2026

In a dense star cluster core, a tidal disruption event (TDE) of a white dwarf (WD) can occur if the WD passes within the tidal radius of an intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH). Very close encounters c…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Characterizing turbulence in galaxy clusters: defining turbulent energies and assessing multi-scale versus fixed-scale filters

Lorenzo Maria Perrone, Thomas Berlok, Ewald Puchwein, Christoph Pfrommer · 2026

Disentangling turbulence and bulk motions in the intracluster medium (ICM) of galaxy clusters is inherently ambiguous, as the plasma is continuously stirred by different processes on disparate scales.…

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Engineering Preprint PDF DOI

MORE: Multi-Objective Adversarial Attacks on Speech Recognition

Xiaoxue Gao, Zexin Li, Yiming Chen, Nancy F. Chen · 2026

The emergence of large-scale automatic speech recognition (ASR) models such as Whisper has greatly expanded their adoption across diverse real-world applications. Ensuring robustness against even mino…

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