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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Collaborative Agent Reasoning Engineering (CARE): A Three-Party Design Methodology for Systematically Engineering AI Agents with Subject Matter Experts, Developers, and Helper Agents

Rahul Ramachandran, Nidhi Jha, Muthukumaran Ramasubramanian · 2026

We present Collaborative Agent Reasoning Engineering (CARE), a disciplined methodology for engineering Large Language Model (LLM) agents in scientific domains. Unlike ad-hoc trial-and-error approaches…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Learning from Disagreement: Clinician Overrides as Implicit Preference Signals for Clinical AI in Value-Based Care

Prabhjot Singh, Abhishek Gupta, Chris Betz, Abe Flansburg, Brett Ives, Sudeep Lama, Jung Hoon Son · 2026

We reframe clinician overrides of clinical AI recommendations as implicit preference data - the same signal structure exploited by reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), but richer: the an…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Differentiable latent structure discovery for interpretable forecasting in clinical time series

Ivan Lerner, Jean Feydy, Alexandre Kalimouttou, Anita Burgun, Francis Bach · 2026

Background: Timely, uncertainty-aware forecasting from irregular electronic health records (EHR) can support critical-care decisions, yet most approaches either impute to a grid or sacrifice interpret…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Data-Driven Continuous-Time Linear Quadratic Regulator via Closed-Loop and Reinforcement Learning Parameterizations

Armin Gie{ss}ler, Felix Thommes, Soren Hohmann · 2026

This paper studies data-driven approaches to the continuous-time linear quadratic regulator (LQR) problem based on two existing parameterizations, namely a closed-loop (CL) parameterization from behav…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Can We Volunteer Out of the Peer Review Crisis?

Theo Tang, Toby Handfield, Julian Garcia · 2026

The volume of scientific manuscripts is growing faster than the capacity to evaluate them, yet the institutions that govern peer review have remained largely unchanged. The result is a widening mismat…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Modeling Clinical Concern Trajectories in Language Model Agents

Sukesh Subaharan, Venkatesan VS, Murugadasan P, Sivakumar D, Gautham N, Ganeshkumar M · 2026

Large language model (LLM) agents deployed in clinical settings often exhibit abrupt, threshold-driven behavior, offering little visibility into accumulating risk prior to escalation. In real-world ca…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

HealthBench Professional: Evaluating Large Language Models on Real Clinician Chats

Rebecca Soskin Hicks, Mikhail Trofimov, Dominick Lim, Rahul K. Arora, Foivos Tsimpourlas, Preston Bowman, Michael Sharman, Chi Tong, Kavin Karthik, Arnav Dugar, Akshay Jagadeesh, Khaled Saab, Johannes Heidecke, Ashley Alexander, Nate Gross, Karan Singhal · 2026

Millions of clinicians use ChatGPT to support clinical care, but evaluations of the most common use cases in model-clinician conversations are limited. We introduce HealthBench Professional, an open b…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

New Diameter Approximations via Distance Oracle Techniques

Yael Kirkpatrick, Liam Roditty, Richard Qi, Virginia Vassilevska Williams · 2026

Computing the diameter of a graph is a problem of great interest both in general algorithms research and specifically within fine-grained complexity, where it is a cornerstone hard problem. Recent wor…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Ramsey Property and Pathological Sets: Almost Disjointness, Independence and Other Maximal Objects

Jialiang He, Jintao Luo, Shuguo Zhang · 2026

We show that under $\mathsf{ZF} + \mathsf{CC}_{\mathbb R}$, if the Ramsey property holds for all sets in a good pointclass $\Gamma$, then there is no MAD family in $\Gamma$, proving a long-standing co…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Non-uniqueness for the stochastic incompressible Euler equations with a passive tracer

Ashish Bawalia, Zdzis{l}aw Brzezniak, Manil T. Mohan · 2026

In this work we investigate the phenomenon of pathwise non-uniqueness for the stochastic incompressible Euler equations with a passive tracer on the whole Euclidean space. The stochastic perturbations…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Exploring the Feasibility and Acceptability of AI-Mediated Serious Illness Conversations in the Emergency Department

Hasibur Rahman, Kenji Numata, Evelyn T Lai, Maria Cheriyan, Adrian Haimovich, Kei Ouchi, Smit Desai · 2026

Serious illness conversations (SICs) align care with patients' values, goals, and preferences, yet they rarely occur in emergency departments (EDs), where time constraints and emotional burden often l…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

K-CARE: Knowledge-driven Symmetrical Contextual Anchoring and Analogical Prototype Reasoning for E-commerce Relevance

Chen Yifei, Tian Zhixing, Wang Chenyang, Cheng Ziguang · 2026

This paper targets e-commerce search relevance. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in this field, they often encounter performance bottlenecks in persistent 'co…

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Neuroscience Preprint PDF DOI

One-shot emergency psychiatric triage across 15 frontier AI chatbots

Veith Weilnhammer, Lennart Luettgau, Christopher Summerfield, Viknesh Sounderajah, Elise Wilkinson, Virginia Corno, Matthew M Nour · 2026

AI chatbots are increasingly used for health advice, but their performance in psychiatric triage remains undercharacterized. Psychiatric triage is particularly challenging because urgency must often b…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Sign Embedding Quantum Algorithms for Matrix Equations and Matrix Functions

Yanqiao Wang, Jin-Peng Liu · 2026

We develop a systematic sign-embedding framework of operator-output quantum algorithms for matrix equations and matrix functions. Differing from the contour-integral treatment, we start with the matri…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Case-Specific Rubrics for Clinical AI Evaluation: Methodology, Validation, and LLM-Clinician Agreement Across 823 Encounters

Aaryan Shah, Andrew Hines, Alexia Downs, Denis Bajet, Paulius Mui, Fabiano Araujo, Laura Offutt, Aida Rutledge, Elizabeth Jimenez · 2026

Objective. Clinical AI documentation systems require evaluation methodologies that are clinically valid, economically viable, and sensitive to iterative changes. Methods requiring expert review per sc…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Agentic clinical reasoning over longitudinal myeloma records: a retrospective evaluation against expert consensus

Johannes Moll, Jannik Lubberstedt, Christoph Nuernbergk, Jacob Stroh, Luisa Mertens, Anna Purcarea, Christopher Zirn, Zeineb Benchaaben, Fabian Drexel, Hartmut Hantze, Anirudh Narayanan, Friedrich Puttkammer, Andrei Zhukov, Jacqueline Lammert, Sebastian Ziegelmayer, Markus Graf, Marion Hogner, Marcus Makowski, Florian Bassermann, Lisa C. Adams, Jiazhen Pan, Daniel Rueckert, Krischan Braitsch, Keno K. Bressem · 2026

Multiple myeloma is managed through sequential lines of therapy over years to decades, with each decision depending on cumulative disease history distributed across dozens to hundreds of heterogeneous…

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Engineering Preprint PDF DOI

A Realistic Discrete Event Simulation model for Ambulance Location and Deployment within a regional Emergency Medical Service

Alberto De Santis, Stefania Iannazzo, Fabio Ingravalle, Stefano Lucidi, Massimo Maurici, Giulia Riccardi, Massimo Roma, Antonio Vinci · 2026

The objective of Emergency Medical Services (EMSs) is to promptly respond to calls from citizens for first aid, providing pre-hospital care and, if necessary, to transfer patients to an appropriate Em…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Explanation Systems for Approval-Based Multiwinner Voting

Niclas Boehmer, Luca Kreisel, Jannik Peters · 2026

In approval-based multiwinner voting, voters express approval preferences over a set of candidates, and the goal is to return a winning committee. This model captures a broad range of subset selection…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Impact of Age Specialized Models for Hypoglycemia Classification

Beyza Cinar, Maria Maleshkova · 2026

Disease progression varies with age and is influenced by underlying genetic, biochemical, and hormonal etiologies, suggesting the need for tailored monitoring, care, and medication beyond standard cli…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Weakly Supervised Multicenter Nancy Index Scoring in Ulcerative Colitis Using Foundation Models

Adam Kukucka, Ondrej Fabian, Vit Musil, Tomas Brazdil · 2026

Histologic assessment of ulcerative colitis (UC) activity is an important endpoint in clinical trials and routine care, but manual grading with indices such as the Nancy histological index (NHI) is ti…

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