Research
Research
Research
Research
77,430+ open-access research outputs.
Reinforcement learning (RL) has become essential to the post-training of large language models (LLMs) for reasoning, agentic capabilities and alignment. Successful RL relies on sufficient exploration …
We present a minimal agent-based model of interacting agents characterized by their wealth to study taxation and inequality in a non-conservative economy. Wealth evolves through an extremal stochastic…
Finite Larmor radius magnetohydrodynamics (FLR-MHD) provides a hybrid model of plasma that explains how turbulent energy cascade extends to sufficiently small parallel length scales, potentially leadi…
Long-context large language models (LLMs)-for example, Gemini-3.1-Pro and Qwen-3.5-are widely used to empower many real-world applications, such as retrieval-augmented generation, autonomous agents, a…
Degenerate quantum eigenspaces can support substantial changes in nodal geometry at fixed energy. We show that, for the two-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator, this restructuring is organized b…
In ferroelastic materials, spontaneous symmetry breaking leads to the formation of twin domains. Although the bulk crystal typically remains centrosymmetric, inversion symmetry can be locally broken a…
Large language models (LLMs) make reward design in reinforcement learning substantially more scalable, but generated rewards are not automatically reliable training objectives. Existing work has focus…
Diffuse-interface (phase-field) models are widely used to describe multiphase mixtures and their interfacial dynamics. In multiphase settings, however, the constitutive closure should remain meaningfu…
A key task in AI practice is to assess potential impacts to prevent harm. Current AI tools assisting AI impact assessment have not been designed or evaluated for collaborative team brainstorming, and …
In this paper an attractor FCM is created, tested, and analyzed. This FCM is neither a hebbian based nor agentic, nor a hybrid; it rather is a gradient descent based, physics constrained, Jacobian ver…
User simulators are increasingly central to interactive information retrieval, yet the community lacks standardized evaluation tools. Simulators serve two objectives, behavioral realism (matching real…
Rhombohedral graphene with topological flat bands offers an ideal platform for realizing correlated and topological quantum phases. Here we investigate hBN aligned eight-layer rhombohedral graphene mo…
Unraveling the growth of supermassive black holes and their connection to host galaxies requires disentangling the Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) emission from that of the stellar populations. When an A…
Large language model (LLM)-based generative list-wise recommendation has advanced rapidly, but decoding remains sequential and thus latency-prone. To accelerate inference without changing the target d…
Across millennia, complex societies have faced the same coordination problem of how to organize collective action among cognitively bounded and informationally incomplete individuals. Different civili…
To preserve previously learned representations, continual learning systems must strike a balance between plasticity, the ability to acquire new knowledge, and stability. This stability-plasticity dile…
Large Language Models (LLMs) can strongly shape social discourse, yet datasets investigating how LLM outputs vary across controlled social and contextual prompting remain sparse. Cognitive Digital Sha…
Let $ n \in \mathbb{N} $ with $ n \geq 3 $, and let $\mathcal{G} = \{G_i:i\in [n]\} $ be a family of $ n $-vertex graphs on a common vertex set $V$, where the graphs in the family do not need to be di…
We investigate the physical origin of critical mass, a threshold where many galaxy properties and scaling relations undergo fundamental transitions, using the Horizon Run 5 simulation. Focusing on mas…
3D Gaussian Splatting (3D GS) is widely adopted for novel view synthesis due to its high training and rendering efficiency. However, its efficiency relies on the key assumption that Gaussians do not o…
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