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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Hadron properties at finite temperature

Juan M. Torres-Rincon, Gloria Montana · 2026

This review provides an overview of thermal effects on hadron properties, focusing on the theoretical frameworks used to describe in-medium modifications of masses, decay widths, and spectral function…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Chiral Symmetry and Its Restoration in QCD

Teiji Kunihiro · 2026

Starting with describing the Dirac equation in an unconventional manner, we introduce the notion of chirality and show how chiralities are mixed in the massive Dirac particles.Then we discuss the appr…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Strangeness enhancement in pp collisions from string closepacking in Pythia 8.3

Javira Altmann, Lorenzo Bernardinis, Peter Skands, Valentina Zaccolo · 2026

Measurements at LHC show an increased production of strange hadrons with charged multiplicity in pp collisions, which is not described by the Lund String Model (with the Monash tune) implemented in PY…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

The Critical Mass in Galaxy Evolution

Preetish K. Mishra, Changbom Park, Jaehyun Lee, Yohan Dubois, Christophe Pichon, Juhan Kim, Brad Gibson · 2026

We investigate the physical origin of critical mass, a threshold where many galaxy properties and scaling relations undergo fundamental transitions, using the Horizon Run 5 simulation. Focusing on mas…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Electroweak Baryogenesis from Collapsing Domain Walls

Yang Bai, Kun-Feng Lyu, Yue Zhao · 2026

We propose a novel mechanism for electroweak baryogenesis in which collapsing domain walls formed by an axion-like field replace the bubble walls in a strong first-order electroweak phase transition. …

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Mesogenesis through the Ephemeral Dark Decay of Beauty

Hooman Davoudiasl, Rachel Houtz, Seyda Ipek · 2026

Mesogenesis provides a path for generating the baryon asymmetry of the Universe, using only the CP violation furnished by the Standard Model in the decay of $B$ mesons. While this is an intriguing pos…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Outer-Crust Equations of State for Neutron Stars

P.S. Koliogiannis, N. Paar · 2026

We construct and systematically assess four outer-crust equations of state based on relativistic nuclear mass models and a machine-learning mass table. Our aim is to quantify the sensitivity of the eq…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

$C^1$-Regularity of the Free Boundary for Hele-Shaw Flow with Source and Drift

Yuming Paul Zhang · 2026

This paper is a continuation of the work in \cite{kimzhang2024} concerning Hele-Shaw flow with both drift and source terms. We prove that, in a local neighborhood, if the free boundary is Lipschitz co…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Nanohertz gravitational waves from the baryon-dark matter coincidence

Alessia Musumeci, Jacopo Nava, Silvia Pascoli, Filippo Sala · 2026

The nanohertz gravitational waves (GW) observed by pulsar timing arrays may originate from a cosmological first-order phase transition (PT) at $\sim$ 100 MeV. Taking this possibility seriously motivat…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Null Tests and Lepton Universality in $\Xi_{cc}$ Baryon Decays

Hindi Zouhair · 2026

We develop a precision framework for doubly charmed baryon decays based on symmetry-protected observables and effective-field-theory diagnostics. In nonleptonic $\Xi_{cc}$ decays, we construct a null …

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Invariant manifolds in barred galaxy simulations. I. Material density waves

Toni Soler-Terricabras, Merce Romero-Gomez, Santi Roca-Fabrega · 2026

We investigate the dynamical origin and kinematic signatures of spiral structure in an N-body simulation of an isolated barred galaxy, assessing whether invariant manifold theory provides a consistent…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Advancing multi-site emission control: A physics-informed transfer learning framework with mixture of experts for carbon-pollutant synergy

Yuxuan Ying, Hanqing Yang, Kaige Wang, Yu Hu, Zhiming Zheng, Yunliang Jiang, Xiaoqing Lin, Xiaodong Li, Jun Chen · 2026

Municipal solid waste incineration is increasingly central to urban waste management, yet its sustainability benefit depends on controlling carbon emissions and multiple air pollutants under highly he…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Particle seismology: mechanical and gravitational properties from parton-hadron duality

Enrique Ruiz Arriola, Wojciech Broniowski · 2026

The internal structure of hadrons is characterized by form factors which correspond to matrix elements of currents. Among those, the stress-energy-momentum tensor is a universally conserved quantity p…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

EFT Pathways to $|\Delta B| =2$: Chiral Constructions and Phenomenology

Arnau Bas i Beneito, Ajdin Palavric, Andrea Sainaghi · 2026

We develop a systematic effective field theory framework for studying $|\Delta B|=2$ interactions across energy scales. Using chiral symmetry, we construct the complete and non-redundant set of operat…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Carbon-Taxed Transformers: A Green Compression Pipeline for Overgrown Language Models

Ajmain Inqiad Alam, Palash Roy, Chanchal K. Roy, Banani Roy, Kevin A. Schneider · 2026

The accelerating adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) in software engineering (SE) has brought with it a silent crisis: unsustainable computational cost. While these models demonstrate remarkable …

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Fast radio burst dispersion is an unbiased tracer of matter on large scales

Shion Andrew, Haochen Wang, Kiyoshi Masui, Josh Borrow, Calvin Leung, Ryan Raikman, Matthieu Schaller, Joop Schaye, James M. Sullivan · 2026

The dispersion of fast radio bursts (FRBs) measures the column density of free electrons, tracing the diffuse ionized gas that contains more than $90\%$ of all baryons. On linear scales the FRB disper…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Big Dipper, Help Me Find A Way -- Dip-hunting at hadron colliders

Diego A. Baron Moreno, Christoph Englert, Yvonne Peters · 2026

Destructive interference between signal and background processes poses a fundamental challenge in searches for top-philic scalar resonances, significantly reducing experimental sensitivity to well-mot…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Generalizing the CPL Parametrization through Dark Sector Interaction

Mikel Artola, Ruth Lazkoz, Vincenzo Salzano · 2026

We investigate a hierarchy of interacting dark energy (IDE) models featuring a non-gravitational coupling between dark matter and dark energy. Specifically, we examine scenarios where the background i…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

On the use of satellite information to estimate agricultural carbon footprint in a small area framework

Riccardo Pajno, Felicetta Carillo, Paolo Maranzano, Timo Schmid, Riccardo Borgoni · 2026

The agricultural sector is undergoing rapid change due to climate pressures, demographic shifts, and uneven economic development, increasing the demand for reliable environmental indicators at fine sp…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

BARRED: Synthetic Training of Custom Policy Guardrails via Asymmetric Debate

Arnon Mazza, Elad Levi · 2026

Deploying guardrails for custom policies remains challenging, as generic safety models fail to capture task-specific requirements, while prompting LLMs suffers from inconsistent boundary-case performa…

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