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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Repetition over Diversity: High-Signal Data Filtering for Sample-Efficient German Language Modeling

Ansar Aynetdinov, Patrick Haller, Alan Akbik · 2026

Recent research has shown that filtering massive English web corpora into high-quality subsets significantly improves training efficiency. However, for high-resource non-English languages like German,…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Probing dust properties through polarized scattered-light images of a sample of ring-shaped protoplanetary disks

Maxime Roumesy, Francois Menard, Gaspard Duchene, Ryo Tazaki, Christian Ginski · 2026

The evolution of protoplanetary disks, especially in the early stages of planetary formation, as dust grows, is the cornerstone of the birth of planets. The mechanisms involved in the growth of sub-mi…

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Engineering Preprint PDF DOI

FeatureFox: Sample-Efficient Panoptic Graph Segmentation for Machining Feature Recognition in B-Rep 3D-CAD Models

Bertram Fuchs, Altay Kacan, Aaron Haag, Oliver Lohse · 2026

Automatic feature recognition (AFR) on B-Rep 3D-CAD models is central to CAD/CAM automation, yet most learning-based methods are complex, data-hungry, and evaluate instance grouping and semantic label…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Intermediate curvature and splitting theorem

Jingche Chen, Han Hong · 2026

In this paper, we prove several rigidity results for complete noncompact manifolds with nonnegative intermediate curvatures. We show that when either $3\leq n\leq 5$, $1\leq m\leq n-1$, or $6\leq n\le…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

MacNeille completions of parabolic quotients

Yibo Gao, Hanlin Xu · 2026

Alternating sign matrices (ASMs) arise as the Dedekind-MacNeille completion of the Bruhat order on the symmetric group. They enjoy fruitful combinatorial and geometric properties, with a particularly …

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Federated Medical Image Classification under Class and Domain Imbalance exploiting Synthetic Sample Generation

Martina Pavan, Matteo Caligiuri, Francesco Barbato, Pietro Zanuttigh · 2026

Exploiting deep learning in medical imaging faces critical challenges, including strict privacy constraints, heterogeneous imaging devices with varying acquisition properties, and class imbalance due …

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Hard-to-Sample Distributions from Robust Extractors

Farzan Byramji, Daniel M. Kane, Jackson Morris, Anthony Ostuni · 2026

We provide a unified method for constructing explicit distributions which are difficult for restricted models of computation to generate. Our constructions are based on a new notion of robust extracto…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Asymptotics of ultra-high-dimensional generalized spiked sample covariance matrix

Wonjun Seo · 2026

This paper investigates the asymptotics of eigenstructure of sample covariance matrix under the spiked covariance matrix model in ultra-high-dimensional settings, where the dimensionality can grow muc…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Sample Selection Using Multi-Task Autoencoders in Federated Learning with Non-IID Data

Emre Ard{i}c, Yakup Genc · 2026

Federated learning is a machine learning paradigm in which multiple devices collaboratively train a model under the supervision of a central server while ensuring data privacy. However, its performanc…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Unitary representations and von Neumann's continuous geometries

Friedrich Martin Schneider, Andreas Thom · 2026

We prove that the unit group of a non-discrete irreducible, continuous ring, in the sense of John von Neumann, does not admit any non-trivial unitary representation continuous with respect to the stro…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Accelerating finite-element-based projector augmented-wave density functional theory calculations with scalable GPU-centric computational methods

Kartick Ramakrishnan, Phani Motamarri · 2026

Accurate large-scale Kohn-Sham density functional theory (DFT) calculations are essential for modeling complex material systems, including interfaces, defects, nanoclusters, and twisted two-dimensiona…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Global DIC-based sample-detector geometry refinement for accurate EBSD indexing

Claire Griesbach, Dennis M. Kochmann · 2026

Electron backscatter diffraction is a powerful tool for mapping crystallographic microstructures. However, the primary crux to improving orientation accuracy and applying the technique to challenging …

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Symmetric Limit Cycles in 3D Piecewise Linear Systems with Visible-visible Two-Fold Singularity

Samuel Carlos S. Ferreira, Bruno R. Freitas, Joao Carlos R. Medrado · 2026

We analyze a three-dimensional discontinuous piecewise linear system \(Z=(X,Y)\) whose switching manifold \(\Sigma\) contains visible-visible two-fold intersection lines. Assuming that the matrices \(…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Substitutional platinum as an efficient nonradiative recombination center in silicon

Zhenxing Dai, Menglin Huang, Xin-Gao Gong, Shiyou Chen · 2026

Platinum (Pt) is widely used for carrier-lifetime control in silicon power devices, yet the microscopic nonradiative recombination mechanism of the substitutional platinum ($\text{Pt}_\text{Si}$) dopa…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Sample-efficient Neuro-symbolic Proximal Policy Optimization

Simone Murari, Celeste Veronese, Daniele Meli · 2026

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) algorithms often require a large amount of data and struggle in sparse-reward domains with long planning horizons and multiple sub-goals. In this paper, we propose a …

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Partition division maps, symmetric functions and positivity

Per Alexandersson, Lilan Dai · 2026

We introduce a linear map on symmetric functions that 'divides' a partition by a positive integer $k$, sending a Schur function indexed by a partition of $kn$ to a symmetric function indexed by partit…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Self-DACE++: Robust Low-Light Enhancement via Efficient Adaptive Curve Estimation

Jianyu Wen, Jun Xie, Feng Chen, Zhepeng Wang, Chenhao Wu, Tong Zhang, Yixuan Yu, Piotr Swierczynski · 2026

In this paper, we present Self-DACE++, an improved unsupervised and lightweight framework for Low-Light Image Enhancement (LLIE), building upon our previous Self-Reference Deep Adaptive Curve Estimati…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Kohn-Sham Hamiltonian from Effective Field Theory: Quasiparticle Band Narrowing from Frozen Core Dynamics

Xiansheng Cai, Han Wang, Kun Chen · 2026

Kohn-Sham (KS) eigenvalues are routinely compared with angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) and used as input for many-body methods, yet density functional theory (DFT) assigns them no physical meanin…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

On rates of convergence for sample average approximations without smoothness

Hien Duy Nguyen, Jacob Westerhout, Xin Guo · 2026

Sample average approximation (SAA) replaces an intractable expected objective by an empirical average and is a basic device of modern stochastic optimization. We develop a rate theory for optimal valu…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Identifying strong correlation using only the Kohn-Sham density of one-electron states

Daniel D. Rivera, Gustavo M. Dalpian, John P. Perdew · 2026

Strongly correlated systems have long been a central and highly non-trivial topic in condensed matter physics. At the non-interacting level, strong correlation can be associated with powerful (near) d…

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