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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Cosmological intercept tension

Jia-Qi Wang, Shao-Jiang Wang · 2026

The long-standing tension in the Hubble constant $H_0$ has motivated extensive explorations of both new physics and observational systematics, for example, the late-time systematics in measuring the B…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Testing Scale-Dependent Modified Gravity with DESI DR1

D. Gonzalez, G. Niz, A. Aviles, C. Garcia-Quintero, H.E. Noriega, J. Aguilar, S. Ahlen, D. Bianchi, D. Brooks, T. Claybaugh, A. de la Macorra, A. de Mattia, P. Doel, S. Ferraro, J. E. Forero-Romero, E. Gaztanaga, S. Gontcho A Gontcho, G. Gutierrez, C. Hahn, K. Honscheid, D. Huterer, M. Ishak, R. Joyce, S. Juneau, R. Kehoe, D. Kirkby, M. Landriau, L. Le Guillou, M. E. Levi, M. Manera, A. Meisner, R. Miquel, S. Nadathur, W.J. Percival, I. Perez-Rafols, G. Rossi, L. Samushia, E. Sanchez, D. Schlegel, H. Seo, J. Silber, D. Sprayberry, G. Tarle, B. A. Weaver, R. Zhou (DESI Collaboration) · 2026

The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) provides an unprecedented opportunity to test deviations from general relativity (GR) that introduce a new physical scale within its redshift range. Usi…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

The End of the First Act: Spectral Running, Interacting Dark Radiation, and the Hubble Tension in Light of ACT DR6 Data

Mathias Garny, Florian Niedermann, Martin S. Sloth · 2026

We point out that constraints on $\Delta N_\mathrm{eff}$ reported by the ACT collaboration in their DR6 data release are surprisingly sensitive to the assumptions made about the initial power spectrum…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Kinematic Lensing Ratio: Reviving Weak Lensing Cosmography as a Geometric Dark Energy Probe

Qinxun Li (University of Utah) · 2026

We introduce the kinematic lensing ratio (KiLeR), a geometric dark-energy probe from weak lensing. Combining shear ratios with intrinsic galaxy shapes inferred from kinematics, KiLeR naturally mitigat…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Homogeneous Stellar Parameters from Heterogeneous Spectra with Deep Learning

Jeff Shen, Joshua S. Speagle, Shirley Ho · 2026

Large-scale spectroscopic surveys have collectively observed millions of stars across the Milky Way, but each derives stellar labels using independent pipelines with distinct modelling assumptions, in…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

DDA-Thinker: Decoupled Dual-Atomic Reinforcement Learning for Reasoning-Driven Image Editing

Hanqing Yang, Qiang Zhou, Yongchao Du, Sashuai Zhou, Zhibin Wang, Jun Song, Tiezheng Ge, Cheng Yu, Bo Zheng · 2026

Recent image editing models have achieved strong visual fidelity but often struggle with tasks requiring complex reasoning. To investigate and enhance the reasoning-grounded planning for image editing…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Generalizing the CPL Parametrization through Dark Sector Interaction

Mikel Artola, Ruth Lazkoz, Vincenzo Salzano · 2026

We investigate a hierarchy of interacting dark energy (IDE) models featuring a non-gravitational coupling between dark matter and dark energy. Specifically, we examine scenarios where the background i…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Multi-tracers, multi-surveys: data-driven EFT prior calibration from the PFS--DESI overlap

Nhat-Minh Nguyen · 2026

Marginalizing over roughly 12 effective-field-theory (EFT) nuisance parameters per tracer per redshift bin is the dominant systematic cost in full-shape galaxy power spectrum analyses. Simulation-base…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

A sound-horizon-free measurement of the Hubble constant from DESI DR2 baryon acoustic oscillations using artificial neural networks

Gaurav N. Gadbail, Kazuharu Bamba · 2026

We present a model-independent, sound-horizon-free measurement of the Hubble constant $H_0$ using baryon acoustic oscillation tracers from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument Data Release 2. The …

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

From Big Bang Nucleosynthesis to Late-Time Acceleration in $f(Q,L_m)$ Gravity

Rajdeep Mazumdar, Kalyan Malakar, Kalyan Bhuyan · 2026

We perform a comprehensive investigation of the early-to-late time cosmic evolution within the framework of $f(Q,L_m)$ gravity, characterized by a non-minimal coupling between non-metricity and matter…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

The open-Universe signal: A model artifact rather than genuine curvature

Peng-Ju Wu · 2026

Recent late-Universe observations suggest an open Universe. If confirmed, such a departure from spatial flatness would carry profound implications for our understanding of cosmic inflation and the ult…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Exploring Cosmic Evolution in R\'enyi Entropic Cosmology with Constraints from DESI DR2 BAO and GW Data

Rajdeep Mazumdar, Kalyan Malakar, Kalyan Bhuyan · 2026

We explore a cosmological model based on R\'enyi entropic corrections to the Friedmann equations and constrain it using DESI, P-BAO, CC, and gravitational-wave observations. Unlike earlier works, we o…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Informative Priors on Primordial Non-Gaussianity Bias $b_{\phi}$ From Galaxy Formation

Anne Moore, Lucia A. Perez, Elisabeth Krause · 2026

Constraining primordial non-Gaussianity via its scale-dependent imprint on galaxy clustering requires knowledge of the bias parameter $b_{\phi}$, which is exactly degenerate with $f^{\rm{loc}}_{\rm{NL…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Saturation Mechanisms in the Interacting Dark Sector

Andronikos Paliathanasis, Kevin J. Duffy · 2026

We introduce a family of phenomenological cosmological models featuring an interacting dark sector modulated by a sparseness scale parameter, in order to describe the late-time accelerated expansion o…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

An Old, Low-mass, Metal-poor Hypervelocity Star Candidate Consistent with a Galactic Center Origin

Shunhong Deng, Yang Huang, Haozhu Fu, Yongkang Sun, Qikang Feng, Guoyang Chen, Huawei Zhang · 2026

We report the discovery of DESI-HVS1, a hypervelocity star (HVS) candidate identified from DESI DR1 spectroscopy and Gaia DR3 astrometry. DESI-HVS1 is an old, low-mass, metal-poor F-type star with a m…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

The $f(Q, T)$ gravity and affine EoS: observational aspects

Romanshu Garg, G. P. Singh · 2026

In this paper, we investigate the cosmic expansion scenarios within the framework of $f(Q,T)$ gravity by using the affine equation of state (EoS) parameter. Specifically, we consider the linear form $…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Characterizing the GD-1 Stream with DESI DR2 Data: Thin Stream and Hot Cocoon

Emma Jarvis, Ting S. Li, Sergey E. Koposov, Raymond G. Carlberg, Monica Valluri, Nasser Mohammed, J. Aguilar, S. Ahlen, Carlos Allende Prieto, Leandro Beraldo e Silva, D. Bianchi, D. Brooks, Amanda Bystrom, T. Claybaugh, A. P. Cooper, A. Cuceu, A. de la Macorra, Arjun Dey, Biprateep Dey, P. Doel, J. E. Forero-Romero, E. Gaztanaga, Oleg Y. Gnedin, Satya Gontcho A Gontcho, G. Gutierrez, K. Honscheid, R. Joyce, R. Kehoe, T. Kisner, Namitha Kizhuprakkat, A. Kremin, Mika Lambert, M. Landriau, L. Le Guillou, Gustavo E. Medina, A. Meisner, R. Miquel, S. Nadathur, Joan Najita, N. Palanque-Delabrouille, W. J. Percival, F. Prada, I. Perez-Rafols, Tian Qiu, Alexander H. Riley, Constance M. Rockosi, G. Rossi, E. Sanchez, Nathan Sandford, E. F. Schlafly, D. Schlegel, J. Silber, D. Sprayberry, G. Tarle, B. A. Weaver, R. Zhou, H. Zou · 2026

GD-1 is among the longest, coldest stellar streams in the Milky Way, making it an ideal target for probing dark matter substructure through dynamical heating. We present a catalog of 608 spectroscopic…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Unraveling Chemical Enrichment in Extreme Emission-Line Galaxies: A Multi-Element Bayesian View of Bursty Star Formation and Galaxy Evolution in DESI

Razieh Emami, James A. A. Trussler, Tiger Yu-Yang Hsiao, Kaley Brauer, Lars Hernquist, Randall Smith, Douglas Finkbeiner, Fengwu Sun, Rebecca Davies, James F. Steiner, Mark Vogelsberger, Tobias Looser, Grant Tremblay, Letizia Bugiani · 2026

Extreme emission-line galaxies (EELGs) probe chemical enrichment in low-mass, bursty systems where star formation, feedback, and gas accretion are poorly constrained. Using DESI DR1, we select 23 near…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Precision Kinematic Sunyaev--Zel'dovich Measurements Across Halo Mass and Redshift with DESI DR2 and ACT DR6: Part II. Bright Galaxy Survey and Emission-Line Galaxies

B. Hadzhiyska, S. Ferraro, F. J. Qu, B. Ried Guachalla, E. Schaan, J. Aguilar, S. Ahlen, D. Bianchi, D. Brooks, F. J. Castander, E. Chaussidon, T. Claybaugh, A. de la Macorra, Arjun Dey, Biprateep Dey, P. Doel, J. E. Forero-Romero, E. Gaztanaga, S. Gontcho A Gontcho, G. Gutierrez, J. Guy, K. Honscheid, C. Howlett, D. Huterer, M. Ishak, R. Joyce, R. Kehoe, T. Kisner, A. Kremin, O. Lahav, M. Landriau, L. Le Guillou, A. Leauthaud, M. Manera, P. Martini, A. Meisner, R. Miquel, S. Nadathur, N. Palanque-Delabrouille, W. J. Percival, F. Prada, I. Perez-Rafols, G. Rossi, L. Samushia, E. Sanchez, E. F. Schlafly, D. Schlegel, J. Silber, D. Sprayberry, G. Tarle, B. A. Weaver, R. Zhou, H. Zou · 2026

We present the first high-significance spectroscopic stacked kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) measurements of circumgalactic gas profiles for both Bright Galaxy Survey (BGS) and Emission Line Galaxy (…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Precision Kinematic Sunyaev--Zel'dovich Measurements Across Halo Mass and Redshift with DESI DR2 and ACT DR6: Part I. Luminous Red Galaxies

F. J. Qu, B. Ried Guachalla, E. Schaan, B. Hadzhiyska, S. Ferraro, J. Aguilar, S. Ahlen, A. Baleato Lizancos, D. Bianchi, D. Brooks, R. Canning, F. J. Castander, E. Chaussidon, T. Claybaugh, A. Cuceu, A. de la Macorra, B. Dey, P. Doel, A. Font-Ribera, J. E. Forero-Romero, E. Gaztanaga, S. Gontcho A Gontcho, G. Gutierrez, H. K. Herrera-Alcantar, K. Honscheid, C. Howlett, D. Huterer, M. Ishak, R. Kehoe, T. Kisner, A. Kremin, O. Lahav, M. Landriau, L. Le Guillou, M. E. Levi, M. Manera, A. Meisner, R. Miquel, S. Nadathur, J. A. Newman, W. J. Percival, I. P'erez-R`afols, G. Rossi, L. Samushia, E. Sanchez, E. F. Schlafly, D. Schlegel, M. Schubnell, H. Seo, J. Silber, D. Sprayberry, G. Tarl'e, B. A. Weaver, R. Zhou · 2026

We present the most precise measurements of the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect around luminous red galaxies to date, detecting the signal at $18\sigma$ significance in both harmonic and confi…

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