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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

The Large Array Survey Telescope-Pipeline. II. Image Subtraction and Transient Detection

R. Konno, E. O. Ofek, A. Krassilchtchikov, Y. Shvartzvald, S. Ben-Ami, D. Polishook, C. Tishler, E. Segre, S. Garrappa, E. A. Zimmermann, A. Horowicz, P. Chen, A. Gal-Yam, M. Engel, Y. M. Shani, S. A. Spitzer, S. Fainer, O. Yaron, A. Blumenzweig ยท 2026

Context. The Large Array Survey Telescope (LAST) is a wide-field visual-band survey designed to explore the variable and transient sky with high cadence. Its raw data stream is automatically processedโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Beyond Semantics: Measuring Fine-Grained Emotion Preservation in Small Language Model-Based Machine Translation

Dawid Wisniewski, Igor Czudy ยท 2026

Preserving affective nuance remains a challenge in Machine Translation (MT), where semantic equivalence often takes precedence over emotional fidelity. This paper evaluates the performance of three stโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Generate Your Talking Avatar from Video Reference

Zujin Guo, Zhenhui Ye, Yi Ren, Yuanming Li, Ce Chen, Zhibin Hong, Chen Change Loy ยท 2026

Existing talking avatar methods typically adopt an image-to-video pipeline conditioned on a static reference image within the same scene as the target generation. This restricted, single-view perspectโ€ฆ

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Fragment-Constrained Charge Equilibration for Charge-Aware Machine Learning Potentials at Electrochemical Interfaces

Akhil Reddy Peeketi, Blas P Uberuaga, Travis E Jones ยท 2026

Predictive simulation of electrochemical interfaces requires atomistic models that capture reactive bond rearrangements, long-range electrostatics, and charge distributions reflecting the electronic dโ€ฆ

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

CoNewsReader: Supporting Comprehensive Understanding and Raising Critical Thoughts on Social Media News Through Comments

Kangyu Yuan, Guanzheng Chen, Sizhe Liang, Hehai Lin, Qingyu Guo, Dingdong Liu, Xiaojuan Ma, Zhenhui Peng ยท 2026

Critical news reading (CNR), which requires grasping the holistic ideas of and raising critical thoughts on the news, is beneficial yet challenging for general people who usually get information on daโ€ฆ

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Neuroscience Preprint PDF DOI

On Agentic Behavioral Modeling

Dirk Ostwald, Rasmus Bruckner, Franziska Usee, Belinda Fleischmann, Joram Soch, Sean Mulready ยท 2026

Integrating theoretical neuroscience, decision theory, and probabilistic inference offers a promising route to understanding human cognition, yet concrete methodological bridges between agentic AI modโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Noise2Map: End-to-End Diffusion Model for Semantic Segmentation and Change Detection

Ali Shibli, Andrea Nascetti, Yifang Ban ยท 2026

Semantic segmentation and change detection are two fundamental challenges in remote sensing, requiring models to capture either spatial semantics or temporal differences from satellite imagery. Existiโ€ฆ

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Generation of magnetic metal-organic frameworks

Alexander C. Tyner, Avinash Pathapati, Alexander V. Balatsky ยท 2026

The potential to utilize metal-organic frameworks as a replacement for rare earth materials as well as in technological applications has prompted increased interested in this material class. The simulโ€ฆ

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

SimEval-IR: A Unified Toolkit and Benchmark Suite for Evaluating User Simulators and Search Sessions

Saber Zerhoudi ยท 2026

User simulators are increasingly central to interactive information retrieval, yet the community lacks standardized evaluation tools. Simulators serve two objectives, behavioral realism (matching realโ€ฆ

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Acoustic modulation of shear thickening transition in dense adhesive suspensions

Aoxuan Wang, Fabrice Toussaint, Thomas Gibaud ยท 2026

Discontinuous shear thickening (DST) in dense suspensions leads to flow instabilities that limit processing in many systems. While high-power ultrasound has been reported to reduce the apparent viscosโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Frequency-Aware Semantic Fusion with Gated Injection for AI-generated Image Detection

Shuchang Zhou, Shangkun Wu, Jiwei Wei, Ke Liu, Ran Ran, Caiyan Qin, Yang Yang ยท 2026

AI-generated images are becoming increasingly realistic and diverse, posing significant challenges for generalizable detection. While Vision Foundation Models (VFMs) provide rich semantic representatiโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

KellyBench: A Benchmark for Long-Horizon Sequential Decision Making

Thomas Grady, Kip Parker, Iliyan Zarov, Henry Course, Chengxi Taylor, Ross Taylor ยท 2026

Language models are saturating benchmarks for procedural tasks with narrow objectives. But they are increasingly being deployed in long-horizon, non-stationary environments with open-ended goals. In tโ€ฆ

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

TwinGate: Stateful Defense against Decompositional Jailbreaks in Untraceable Traffic via Asymmetric Contrastive Learning

Bowen Sun, Chaozhuo Li, Yaodong Yang, Yiwei Wang, Chaowei Xiao ยท 2026

Decompositional jailbreaks pose a critical threat to large language models (LLMs) by allowing adversaries to fragment a malicious objective into a sequence of individually benign queries that collectiโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Rethinking Agentic Reinforcement Learning In Large Language Models

Fangming Cui, Ruixiao Zhu, Cheng Fang, Sunan Li, Jiahong Li ยท 2026

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has traditionally focused on training specialized agents to optimize predefined reward functions within narrowly defined environments. However, the advent of powerful Largeโ€ฆ

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

NetSatBench: A Distributed LEO Constellation Emulator with an SRv6 Case Study

Andrea Detti, Shahram Dadras, Giuseppe Tropea ยท 2026

NetSatBench is a distributed emulation platform for evaluating communication protocols and application workloads over large-scale LEO satellite systems. Satellites, gateways, and user terminals are imโ€ฆ

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Optimisation of a silicon-tungsten electromagnetic calorimeter energy response to photons

Yukun Shi, Vincent Boudry ยท 2026

An innovative path for the detectors at future colliders to achieve higher performances is to use a Particle Flow approach, which requires highly granular calorimeters to image individual showers. Theโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

CastFlow: Learning Role-Specialized Agentic Workflows for Time Series Forecasting

Bokai Pan, Mingyue Cheng, Zhiding Liu, Shuo Yu, Xiaoyu Tao, Yuchong Wu, Qi Liu, Defu Lian, Enhong Chen ยท 2026

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have shown great promise in time series forecasting. However, most existing LLM-based forecasting methods still follow a static generative paradigm that directlyโ€ฆ

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Heisenberg-limited Hamiltonian learning without short-time control

Myeongjin Shin, Junseo Lee, Changhun Oh ยท 2026

Characterizing quantum systems by learning their underlying Hamiltonians is a central task in quantum information science. While recent algorithmic advances have achieved near-optimal efficiency in thโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Taming Noise-Induced Prototype Degradation for Privacy-Preserving Personalized Federated Fine-Tuning

Yuhua Wang, Qinnan Zhang, Xiaodong Li, Huan Zhang, Yifan Sun, Wangjie Qiu, Hainan Zhang, Yongxin Tong, Zhiming Zheng ยท 2026

Prototype-based Personalized Federated Learning (ProtoPFL) enables efficient multi-domain adaptation by communicating compact class prototypes, but directly sharing them poses privacy risks. A common โ€ฆ

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Maximally Diverse Stable Matchings: Optimizing Arbitrary Institutional Objectives

Gergely Csaji, Zhaohong Sun ยท 2026

Stable matching theory is the foundation of centralized clearinghouses worldwide, from school choice programs to medical residency allocations. However, incorporating complex distributional goals-suchโ€ฆ

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