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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Beyond the Separatrix: Analytic Continuation of Darwin Variables for Plunging Geodesics in Schwarzschild Spacetime

Francisco M. Blanco · 2026

We study geodesic motion of a test particle in Schwarzschild spacetime. Bound and scattering geodesics are commonly described using Darwin variables, which provide a convenient parametrization of the …

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Stein's square function associated with the Bochner-Riesz means on M\'etivier groups and its applications

Joydwip Singh · 2026

In this paper, we study the $L^p$-boundedness of Stein's square function $\mathfrak{S}^{\alpha}(\mathcal{L})$ associated with the sub-Laplacian $\mathcal{L}$ on M\'etivier group $G$. A key aspect of o…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Frequency-Aware Semantic Fusion with Gated Injection for AI-generated Image Detection

Shuchang Zhou, Shangkun Wu, Jiwei Wei, Ke Liu, Ran Ran, Caiyan Qin, Yang Yang · 2026

AI-generated images are becoming increasingly realistic and diverse, posing significant challenges for generalizable detection. While Vision Foundation Models (VFMs) provide rich semantic representati…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Linear-Core Surrogates: Smooth Loss Functions with Linear Rates for Classification and Structured Prediction

Mehryar Mohri, Yutao Zhong · 2026

The choice of loss function in classification involves a fundamental trade-off: smooth losses (like Cross-Entropy) enable fast optimization rates but yield slow square-root consistency bounds, while p…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Mind the Gap: Structure-Aware Consistency in Preference Learning

Mehryar Mohri, Yutao Zhong · 2026

Preference learning has become the foundation of aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human intent. Popular methods, such as Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), minimize surrogate losses as pr…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Optimized Deferral for Imbalanced Settings

Corinna Cortes, Anqi Mao, Mehryar Mohri, Yutao Zhong · 2026

Learning algorithms can be significantly improved by routing complex or uncertain inputs to specialized experts, balancing accuracy with computational cost. This approach, known as learning to defer, …

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Engineering Preprint PDF DOI

Bitwise Over-Parameterized Neural Polar Decoding: A Theoretical Performance Analysis

Hongzhi Zhu, Wei Xu, Xiaohu You · 2026

This paper proposes a bitwise over-parameterized neural network (ONN) decoder for polar-coded transmission and develops a tractable theoretical performance analysis framework. By modeling each synthes…

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Earth & Environmental Sciences Preprint PDF DOI

Thermal instability and rocky planetesimal formation in the inner regions of protoplanetary disks

Ryo Kato, Takahiro Ueda, Satoshi Okuzumi · 2026

The inner regions of protoplanetary disks are promising formation sites of rocky planetesimals. Theoretical studies have proposed a scenario in which thermal ionization activates the magnetorotational…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

BAss: Symbolic Reasoning in Abstract Dialectical Frameworks

Samuel Pastva, Van-Giang Trinh · 2026

We present BAss (BDD-based ADF symbolic solver), a novel analysis tool for Abstract Dialectical Frameworks (ADFs) based on Binary Decision Diagrams (BDDs). It supports the fully symbolic computation o…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Property $R_\infty$ for generalized Higman groups

Ignat Soroko, Nicolas Vaskou · 2026

We give a unified proof of property $R_\infty$ for the Higman groups $H_n$ ($n\ge 4$) and for their generalizations studied by Martin and Horbez--Huang. As a key step, we prove that the automorphism g…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Semi-supervised learning with max-margin graph cuts

Branislav Kveton, Michal Valko, Ali Rahimi, Ling Huang · 2026

This paper proposes a novel algorithm for semisupervised learning. This algorithm learns graph cuts that maximize the margin with respect to the labels induced by the harmonic function solution. We mo…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Beyond Linear Additive and Hill Functions: A General Logistic Reformulation of Delay-Coupled Gene Regulatory Networks with Equilibrium Analysis, Hopf Bifurcation, and Lipschitz Stability

Ismail Belgacem · 2026

Hill functions, dominant in gene regulatory network modeling, carry fundamental limitations: at non-integer cooperativity exponents, routine when fitting dose-response data, derivatives diverge at the…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Development of a compact cryogenic Penning trap with permanent magnets: An intermediate step toward the Shanghai Penning Trap

Tianhang Zhang, Jiawei Wang, Jialin Liu, Jingtian Wei, Jiaxuan Ji, Jifei Wu, Zichen Su, Yiming Xie, Liangyu Huang, Ke Yao, Yang Shen, Yaming Zou, Baoren Wei, Bingsheng Tu · 2026

Penning traps, renowned for their unparalleled precision in determining fundamental properties such as mass and magnetic moments, are cornerstone instruments in modern physics. Their applications span…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

FunFace: Feature Utility and Norm Estimation for Face Recognition

Ziga Babnik, Fadi Boutros, Naser Damer, Deepak Kumar Jain, Peter Peer, Vitomir Struc · 2026

Face Recognition (FR) is used in a variety of application domains, from entertainment and banking to security and surveillance. Such applications rely on the FR model to be robust and perform well in …

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Addressable Rydberg excitation in arrays of single neutral atoms with a strongly focused flat-top beam

I. V. Iukhnovets, M. Y. Goloshchapov, A. P. Gordeev, O. V. Bychkova, I. B. Bobrov, G. I. Struchalin, S. S. Straupe · 2026

We present a method for generating a laser beam with flat intensity and phase profiles in the focal region where the beam interacts with neutral $^{87}$Rb atoms in an array of optical dipole traps. We…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Multimodal LLMs are not all you need for Pediatric Speech Language Pathology

Darren Furst, Sebastian Steindl, Ulrich Schafer · 2026

Speech Sound Disorders (SSD) affect roughly five percent of children, yet speech-language pathologists face severe staffing shortages and unmanageable caseloads. We test a hierarchical approach to SSD…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Phases and dynamics of an impurity immersed in one-dimensional quantum droplets

Dimitrios Diplaris, Ilias A. Englezos, Friethjof Theel, Peter Schmelcher, Simeon I. Mistakidis · 2026

We explore the ground-state properties of a single impurity immersed in a one-dimensional quantum droplet medium formed by a two-component Bose mixture. Relying on ab-initio simulations, we demonstrat…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Delta Score Matters! Spatial Adaptive Multi Guidance in Diffusion Models

Haosen Li, Wenshuo Chen, Lei Wang, Shaofeng Liang, Bowen Tian, Soning Lai, Yutao Yue · 2026

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in synthesizing complex static and temporal visuals, a breakthrough largely driven by Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG). However, despite its pivotal rol…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

The Fock-Darwin-Darboux system: eigenstates, information entropies and dispersion-like measures

Ignacio Baena-Jimenez, Angel Ballesteros, Ivan Gutierrez-Sagredo · 2026

The Fock-Darwin (FD) quantum system describes the motion on the plane of a charged particle under the action of an isotropic oscillator potential together with a perpendicular constant magnetic field.…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Solve Crude Oil Scheduling Problems by Using Quantum-Classical Hybrid Algorithms

Jian Yang, Bohang Wang, Lina Wang, Jiacheng Chen, Gaoxiang Tang, Zihan Deng, Wending Zhao, Xianfeng Cai · 2026

The optimization of front-end crude oil scheduling is a critical determinant of refinery profitability and operational stability. However, the coupling of discrete logistics events (e.g., vessel berth…

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