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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Modeling Physical Activity Change as Smooth Transformations: Temporal and Amplitude Patterns Associated with Physical Function in Older Women

Rong W. Zablocki, Steve Nguyen, Yacun Wang, Lindsay Dillon, Michael J. LaMonte, Phyllis A. Richey, Ramon Casanova, Marcia L. Stefanick, Sheri J. Hartman, Chongzhi Di, Charles Kooperberg, Loki Natarajan, Andrea Z. LaCroix, Jingjing Zou · 2026

Background: Minute-level accelerometer data capture rich diurnal physical activity (PA) patterns, but conventional summary metrics obscures clinically meaningful changes accumulated across a day. Buil…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

How LLMs Might Think

Joseph Gottlieb, Ethan Kemp, Matthew Trager · 2026

Do large language models (LLMs) think? Daniel Stoljar and Zhihe Vincent Zhang have recently developed an argument from rationality for the claim that LLMs do not think. We contend, however, that the a…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Pseudofiniteness of the Farey Graph

Connor Martinez Lockhart · 2026

We prove that the theory of the Farey graph is pseudofinite by constructing a sequence of finite structures that satisfy increasingly large subsets of its first-order axiomatization. This graph is an …

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Strong spectral gap for geometrically finite hyperbolic manifolds

Dubi Kelmer, Osama Khalil, Pratyush Sarkar · 2026

Let $\Gamma < G := \operatorname{SO}(d+1, 1)$ for $d \geq 1$ be a Zariski dense, geometrically finite, discrete subgroup with critical exponent strictly greater than $d/2$. We show that $L^2(\Gamma\ba…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Artificial Intelligence for Sentiment Analysis of Persian Poetry

Arash Zargar, Abolfazl Moshiri, Mitra Shafaei, Shabnam Rahimi-Golkhandan, Mohamad Tavakoli-Targhi, Farzad Khalvati · 2026

Recent advancements of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) have led to the development of large language models (LLMs) that are capable of understanding, analysing, and creating textual data. These langu…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Agentic Code Reasoning

Shubham Ugare, Satish Chandra · 2026

Can LLM agents explore codebases and reason about code semantics without executing the code? We study this capability, which we call agentic code reasoning, and introduce semi-formal reasoning: a stru…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Strong solutions to SDEs with singular drifts driven by fractional Brownian motions

Jiazhen Gu, Qian Yu · 2026

In this paper, we establish the strong well-posedness of SDEs with merely integrable time-dependent drifts driven by fractional Brownian motions with Hurst parameter H<1/2. Our result holds over the e…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Long-range orbital transport and inverse orbital Hall effect in Co/Ru-based terahertz emitters

Zhou Chao, Zhang Shaohua, Hao Lei, Jin Yaxuan, Jiang Xianguo, Yang Ning, Zheng Li, Meng Hao, Lu Chao, Huang Wendeng, Wu Yizheng, Zhou Yan, Jia Xu · 2026

The utilization of terahertz (THz) emission spectroscopy in femtosecond photoexcited spintronic heterostructures has emerged as a versatile tool for investigating ultrafast spin-transport in a noncont…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

The size of $k$-th order generalized Fibonacci cubes

Jianxin Wei, Yujun Yang · 2026

Let $k\geq2$. Then the $k$-th order Fibonacci cube $\Gamma^{(k)}_{n}$ is the subgraph of the hypercube $Q_{n}$ induced by vertices without $k$ consecutive $1$s. The case $k=2$ corresponds to the class…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Persona Jailbreaking in Large Language Models

Jivnesh Sandhan, Fei Cheng, Tushar Sandhan, Yugo Murawaki · 2026

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in domains such as education, mental health and customer support, where stable and consistent personas are critical for reliability. Yet, existin…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Hitchhiker's guide to second-generation Car-Parrinello ab-initio molecular dynamics

Thomas D. Kuhne · 2026

In a recent letter [T. D. K\"uhne, M. Krack, F. Mohamed and M. Parrinello, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 066401 (2007)], we outlined a new Car-Parrinello-like approach to Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics. H…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

The divisor function along sums of two biquadrates

Wing Hong Leung, Mayank Pandey · 2026

We establish power saving asymptotics for the sum of the divisor function along a binary quartic form, improving on work of Daniel. The proof involves an application of a recent two dimensional delta …

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Nuclear structure properties of $^{184-194}$Pb isotopes and isomers

S. Shukla, P. C. Srivastava · 2025

In the present work, we study nuclear structure properties of the $^{184-194}$Pb isotopes within the framework of the nuclear shell-model. We have performed shell-model calculations using KHH7B and KH…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Hierarchy-Aware Fine-Tuning of Vision-Language Models

Jiayu Li, Rajesh Gangireddy, Samet Akcay, Wei Cheng, Juhua Hu · 2025

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) learn powerful multimodal representations through large-scale image-text pretraining, but adapting them to hierarchical classification is underexplored. Standard approach…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

The Phish, The Spam, and The Valid: Generating Feature-Rich Emails for Benchmarking LLMs

Rebeka Toth, Tamas Bisztray, Nils Gruschka · 2025

In this paper, we introduce a metadata-enriched generation framework (PhishFuzzer) that seeds real emails into Large Language Models (LLMs) to produce 23,100 diverse, structurally consistent email var…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

HISE-KT: Synergizing Heterogeneous Information Networks and LLMs for Explainable Knowledge Tracing with Meta-Path Optimization

Zhiyi Duan, Zixing Shi, Hongyu Yuan, Qi Wang · 2025

Knowledge Tracing (KT) aims to mine students' evolving knowledge states and predict their future question-answering performance. Existing methods based on heterogeneous information networks (HINs) are…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Can AI Models be Jailbroken to Phish Elderly Victims? An End-to-End Evaluation

Fred Heiding, Simon Lermen · 2025

We present an end-to-end demonstration of how attackers can exploit AI safety failures to harm vulnerable populations: from jailbreaking LLMs to generate phishing content, to deploying those messages …

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

A List of Open Problems in Number Theory Posed by Ibn al-Khaww\=am (13th Century): Historical and Arithmetic Analysis

K.I.A Derouiche · 2025

Mathematicians have long been fascinated by the resolution of algebraic and Diophantine equations in search of integer or rational solutions. This article presents a list of thirty-three open problems…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Artificial intelligence and the Gulf Cooperation Council workforce adapting to the future of work

Mohammad Rashed Albous, Melodena Stephens, Odeh Rashed Al-Jayyousi · 2025

The rapid expansion of artificial intelligence (AI) in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) raises a central question: are investments in compute infrastructure matched by an equally robust build-out of…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Magnetic Field-Controlled THz Modulation in Uniaxial Anisotropic Spin-Valves Emitters

Arseniy M. Buryakov, Anastasia V. Gorbatova, Pavel Y. Avdeev, Igor Yu. Pashen'kin, Maksim V. Sapozhnikov, Alexey A. Klimov, Elena D. Mishina, Alexandr S. Sigov, Vladimir L. Preobrazhensky · 2025

Uniaxial spintronic heterostructures constitute compact THz emitters under femtosecond optical excitation, with emission amplitude and polarization governed by the applied magnetic field is presented.…

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