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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

AEGIS: A Holistic Benchmark for Evaluating Forensic Analysis of AI-Generated Academic Images

Bo Zhang, Tzu-Yen Ma, Zichen Tang, Junpeng Ding, Zirui Wang, Yizhuo Zhao, Peilin Gao, Zijie Xi, Zixin Ding, Haiyang Sun, Haocheng Gao, Yuan Liu, Liangjia Wang, Yiling Huang, Yujie Wang, Yuyue Zhang, Ronghui Xi, Yuanze Li, Jiacheng Liu, Zhongjun Yang, Haihong E · 2026

We introduce AEGIS, A holistic benchmark for Evaluating forensic analysis of AI-Generated academic ImageS. Compared to existing benchmarks, AEGIS features three key advances: (1) Domain-Specific Compl…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Global Optimality for Constrained Exploration via Penalty Regularization

Florian Wolf, Ilyas Fatkhullin, Niao He · 2026

Efficient exploration is a central problem in reinforcement learning and is often formalized as maximizing the entropy of the state-action occupancy measure. While unconstrained maximum-entropy explor…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

DEFault++: Automated Fault Detection, Categorization, and Diagnosis for Transformer Architectures

Sigma Jahan, Saurabh Singh Rajput, Tushar Sharma, Mohammad Masudur Rahman · 2026

Transformer models are widely deployed in critical AI applications, yet faults in their attention mechanisms, projections, and other internal components often degrade behavior silently without raising…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

NeuroRing: Scaling Spiking Neural Networks via Multi-FPGA Bidirectional Ring Topologies and Stream-Dataflow Architectures

Muhammad Ihsan Al Hafiz, Artur Podobas · 2026

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are a promising paradigm for energy-efficient event-driven computation, but large-scale SNN execution remains challenging because sparse spike communication and synchron…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

A nanoionic diode: Equilibrium rectifying junction enabling large and stable resistance variations

Chuanlian Xiao, Joachim Maier · 2026

We report on a new type of rectifier which is in full contact equilibrium and thus, if down-sized to the nanoscale, shows no drift even if exposed to elevated temperatures and/or extreme waiting times…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Echo-{\alpha}: Large Agentic Multimodal Reasoning Model for Ultrasound Interpretation

Jing Zhang, Wentao Jiang, Tao Huang, Zhiwei Wang, Jianxin Liu, Jian Chen, Ping Ye, Gang Wang, Zengmao Wang, Bo Du, Dacheng Tao · 2026

Ultrasound interpretation requires both precise lesion localization and holistic clinical reasoning, yet existing methods typically excel at only one of these capabilities: specialized detectors offer…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

On Higher-Order Probabilistic Verification via the Weighted Relational Model of Linear Logic

Ugo Dal Lago, Guido Fiorillo, Paolo Pistone · 2026

The problem of determining whether a probabilistic program terminates almost surely (i.e.~with probability one) is undecidable, and actually $\Pi^0_2$-complete. For this reason, a growing literature h…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

The transverse singular complex

Greg Friedman, Anibal M. Medina-Mardones, Dev Sinha · 2026

Let $M$ be a smooth manifold without boundary and let $\mathcal{T}$ be a countable collection of manifolds with corners, each equipped with a smooth map to $M$. We show that the singular simplicial se…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Rational characteristic classes of bundles with fibre a product of spheres

Jan McGarry-Furriol · 2026

We prove the existence of many non-trivial characteristic classes of smooth oriented bundles with fibre a product $ S^{n}\times S^{n} $ of odd-dimensional spheres. We do so by proving injectivity of t…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Second harmonic generation and third harmonic generation in topological insulator-based van der Waals metamaterials

Alessandra Di Gaspare, Sara Ghayeb, Craig Knox, Edmund H. Linfield, Joshua Freeman, Miriam S. Vitiello · 2026

High-order harmonic generation (HHG) in solids - the frequency up-conversion of an optical signal - is governed by symmetries. At terahertz (THz) frequencies, HHG is a key technology to access high fr…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Shift of the maxima of the critical currents of different polarity relative to the zero magnetic flux along the flux axis in a superconducting asymmetric aluminum ring

V. I. Kuznetsov, O. V. Trofimov · 2026

We measured the rectification of an ac voltage in a structure of superconducting circularly-asymmetric aluminum rings in series, permeated with a magnetic flux and biased with a low-frequency alternat…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

A Ring structure on the Class of Combinatorial Games

Harry Altman, Paolo Lipparini · 2026

J. Conway defined useful operations on the Class of combinatorial games and also introduced a notion of equivalence between games. Conway showed that, under his equivalence, games form a Group. Howeve…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Response to the $^7_\Lambda$He interpretation of MAMI's recent determination of $B_\Lambda(^3_\Lambda$H)

Ryoko Kino, Patrick Achenbach, Pascal Klag, Sho Nagao, Satoshi N. Nakamura, Kotaro Nishi, Josef Pochodzalla, Tianhao Shao (on behalf of the A1 Collaboration) · 2026

We respond to the recent suggestion by A. Gal [arXiv:2604.18259] that the sharp pion-momentum peak at $p_{\pi^-} \approx 113.8$~MeV/$c$ observed in our $^7\mathrm{Li}(e,e^\prime K^+)$ electroproductio…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

To stall-cell or not to stall-cell: Variational data assimilation of 3D mean flow past a stalled airfoil

Uttam Cadambi Padmanaban, Craig Thompson, Bharathram Ganapathisubramani, Sean Symon · 2026

The full-field reconstruction of three-dimensional (3D) turbulent flows from sparse experimental measurements remains a significant challenge, particularly for flows exhibiting complex 3D flow separat…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Probing dust properties through polarized scattered-light images of a sample of ring-shaped protoplanetary disks

Maxime Roumesy, Francois Menard, Gaspard Duchene, Ryo Tazaki, Christian Ginski · 2026

The evolution of protoplanetary disks, especially in the early stages of planetary formation, as dust grows, is the cornerstone of the birth of planets. The mechanisms involved in the growth of sub-mi…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Structural description of (bull, house)-free graphs

Manoj Belavadi, Chinh T. Hoang · 2026

The bull is a graph consisting of a triangle and two pendant edges. The P_5 is the chordless path on five vertices. The house is the complement of a P_5. A graph is k-critical if it is k-chromatic but…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

$\mathbb{K}$-framings and $\mathbb{K}$-quadratic forms on surfaces

Nariya Kawazumi · 2026

We introduce the notions of $\mathbb{K}$-framings, based $\mathbb{K}$-framings and relative $\mathbb{K}$-framings of a compact connected oriented surface $\Sigma$ for any commutative ring $\mathbb{K}$…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Torus Equivariant Cohomology for the $\Delta$-Springer Fiber

Raymond Chou · 2026

We define a torus $U \subset T = (\mathbb{C}^\times)^K$ which acts on the $\Delta$-Springer varieties $Y_{n,\lambda,s}$ defined by Griffin-Levinson-Woo and give a Borel-style presentation for the equi…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Quantitative homogenization of the maximal action of curves in a Brownian potential

Felix Otto, Matteo Palmieri · 2026

Motivated by an optimal-matching problem (Leighton-Shor) and the random-field Ising model (Aizenman-Wehr, Ding-Wirth), we consider a variational problem for graphs in $1+1$ dimension maximizing an act…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

A Reproducibility Study of LLM-Based Query Reformulation

Amin Bigdeli, Radin Hamidi Rad, Hai Son Le, Mert Incesu, Negar Arabzadeh, Charles L. A. Clarke, Ebrahim Bagheri · 2026

Large Language Models (LLMs) are now widely used for query reformulation and expansion in Information Retrieval, with many studies reporting substantial effectiveness gains. However, these results are…

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