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Neuroscience Preprint PDF DOI

What are the functions of primary visual cortex (V1)?

Li Zhaoping · 2026

Although Hubel and Wiesel established decades ago how individual V1 neurons transform retinal inputs, functions of V1 as a whole are being discovered only recently. First, V1 acts as a motor cortex fo…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

PrivMedChat: End-to-End Differentially Private RLHF for Medical Dialogue Systems

Sudip Bhujel · 2026

Large language models are increasingly used for patient-facing medical assistance and clinical decision support, but adapting them to clinical dialogue often requires supervision derived from doctor-p…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

On the most reliable graphs with fixed redundancy

Rotem Brand, Reuven Cohen, Simi Haber, Baruch Barzel · 2026

The all-terminal reliability of a graph $G$ is the probability that $G$ remains connected when each edge fails independently with probability $p$. For fixed $n$ and $m$, the uniformly most reliable pr…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Gain Bounds for Diagonal Superelliptic Equations under the Strong ABC Conjecture

Karsten Muller · 2026

We establish a novel framework for bounding the adapted power gain $G_p$ and approximation gain $G_a$ of coprime integer solutions to the generalized diagonal superelliptic equation $By^n = Ax^n + k$ …

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Phase-Field Models for Particle-Stabilised Emulsions

Elisabeth C. Eij, Joost de Graaf, Martin F. Haase, Jesse M. Steenhoff · 2026

Particle-stabilised emulsions are a cornerstone of soft matter science due to their broad application and fundamental relevance. Computer simulations provide key insights into the formation and behavi…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Optical Thermodynamics Beyond the Weak Nonlinearity Limit

Emily Kabat, Shrohan Mohapatra, P.G. Kevrekidis, Tsampikos Kottos · 2026

Optical thermodynamics has recently emerged as a theoretical framework describing a Rayleigh-Jeans (RJ) modal power distribution of multimoded nonlinear photonic circuits. However, its applicability i…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Monadic Second-Order Logic of Permutations

Vit Jelinek, Michal Opler · 2025

Permutations can be viewed as pairs of linear orders, or more formally as models over a signature consisting of two binary relation symbols. This approach was adopted by Albert, Bouvel and F\'eray, wh…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

SIRAJ: Diverse and Efficient Red-Teaming for LLM Agents via Distilled Structured Reasoning

Kaiwen Zhou, Ahmed Elgohary, A S M Iftekhar, Amin Saied · 2025

The ability of LLM agents to plan and invoke tools exposes them to new safety risks, making a comprehensive red-teaming system crucial for discovering vulnerabilities and ensuring their safe deploymen…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

An Unexpected Rational Blowdown

Marton Beke, Olga Plamenevskaya, Laura Starkston · 2025

The rational blowdown operation in 4-manifold topology replaces a neighborhood of a configuration of spheres by a rational homology ball. Such configurations typically arise from resolutions of surfac…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Wave Function Collapse Set Covering and the Hill Climbing Algorithm: A New, Fast Heuristic and Metaheuristic Pairing for the Minimum Set Cover Problem

David Oprea, David Perkins · 2025

In this paper, we present a new heuristic that focuses on the optimization problem for the Minimum Set Cover Problem. Our new heuristic involves using Wave Function Collapse and is called Wave Functio…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Role of quantum dynamics in coherent and incoherent radiation during tunneling ionization

Michael Klaiber, Karen Z. Hatsagortsyan, Christoph H. Keitel · 2025

Radiation during strong-field tunneling ionization is investigated. The spontaneous as well as the coherent components of the radiation are calculated describing the ionization dynamics via the strong…

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Engineering Preprint PDF DOI

Benchmarking Massively Parallelized Multi-Task Reinforcement Learning for Robotics Tasks

Viraj Joshi, Zifan Xu, Bo Liu, Peter Stone, Amy Zhang · 2025

Multi-task Reinforcement Learning (MTRL) has emerged as a critical training paradigm for applying reinforcement learning (RL) to a set of complex real-world robotic tasks, which demands a generalizabl…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Simulated Intervention on Cross-Sectional Nested Data: Development of a Multilevel NIRA Approach

Yiming Wu, Fei Wang · 2025

With the rise of the network perspective, researchers have made numerous important discoveries over the past decade by constructing psychological networks. Unfortunately, most of these networks are ba…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Two-stage Vision Transformers and Hard Masking offer Robust Object Representations

Ananthu Aniraj, Cassio F. Dantas, Dino Ienco, Diego Marcos · 2025

Context can strongly affect object representations, sometimes leading to undesired biases, particularly when objects appear in out-of-distribution backgrounds at inference. At the same time, many obje…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Linear instability in planar viscoelastic Taylor-Couette flow with and without explicit polymer diffusion

Miguel Beneitez, Soufiane Mrini, Rich R. Kerswell · 2025

Elastic turbulence has been found in computations of planar viscoelastic Taylor-Couette flow using the Oldroyd-B model, apparently generated by a linear instability (van Buel et al. Europhys. Lett., 1…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Minimal rational graphs admitting a QHD smoothing

Marton Beke · 2025

Using the picture deformation technique of De Jong-Van Straten we show that no singularity whose resolution graph has 3 or 4 large nodes, i.e., nodes satisfying d(v)+e(v)\leq -2, has a QHD smoothing. …

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Harmonic Structure of the Brunel spectra

Paul David, Fabrice Catoire, Luc Berge · 2025

Electromagnetic emissions, known as Brunel radiations, are produced in plasmas through the coupling between the free electron density and ultrafast ionizing laser pulses. The radiation spectrum genera…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Affine vector fields on compact pseudo-K\"ahler manifolds

Andrzej Derdzinski · 2024

It is known that a Killing field on a compact pseudo-K\"ahler manifold is necessarily (real) holomorphic, as long as the manifold satisfies some relatively mild additional conditions. We provide two f…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Calibrating the Tully-Fisher Relation to Measure the Hubble Constant

Daniel Scolnic, Paula Boubel, Jakob Byrne, Adam G. Riess, Gagandeep S. Anand · 2024

Boubel et al. 2024 (B24) recently used the Tully-Fisher (TF) relation to measure calibrated distances in the Hubble flow and found $H_0= 73.3 \pm 2.1 (stat) \pm 3.5 (sys)$ km/s/Mpc. The large systemat…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Demonstrating the Advantages of Analog Wafer-Scale Neuromorphic Hardware

Hartmut Schmidt, Andreas Grubl, Jose Montes, Eric Muller, Sebastian Schmitt, Johannes Schemmel · 2024

As numerical simulations grow in size and complexity, they become increasingly resource-intensive in terms of time and energy. While specialized hardware accelerators often provide order-of-magnitude …

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