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Engineering Preprint PDF DOI

WiFo-MiSAC: A Wireless Foundation Model for Multimodal Sensing and Communication Integration via Synesthesia of Machines (SoM)

Xuanyu Liu, Shijian Gao, Boxun Liu, Xiang Cheng, Liuqing Yang · 2026

Current learning-based wireless methods struggle with generalization due to the fragmented processing of communication and sensing data. WiFo-MiSAC addresses this as a task-agnostic foundation model t…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

UpSkill: Mutual Information Skill Learning for Structured Response Diversity in LLMs

Devan Shah, Owen Yang, Daniel Yang, Chongyi Zheng, Benjamin Eysenbach · 2026

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has improved the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs) on mathematics and programming tasks, but standard approaches that optimize s…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

On the Maximum Toroidal Distance Code for Lattice-Based Public-Key Cryptography

Shuiyin Liu, Amin Sakzad · 2026

We propose a maximum toroidal distance (MTD) code for lattice-based public-key encryption (PKE). By formulating the encryption encoding problem as the selection of $2^\ell$ points in the discrete $\el…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

AutoVulnPHP: LLM-Powered Two-Stage PHP Vulnerability Detection and Automated Localization

Zhiqiang Wang, Yizhong Ding, Zilong Xiao, Jinyu Lu, Yan Jia, Yanjun Li · 2026

PHP's dominance in web development is undermined by security challenges: static analysis lacks semantic depth, causing high false positives; dynamic analysis is computationally expensive; and automate…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Mathematics in the liturgical books of the Catholic Church: phases of the ecclesiastical moon

Henryk Fuks · 2026

We use contemporary mathematical notation to describe the method for determining the age of the ecclesiastical moon as mandated by pope Gregory XIII and elaborated in the book of Christopher Clavius \…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Comparing next-generation detector configurations for high-redshift gravitational wave sources with neural posterior estimation

Filippo Santoliquido, Jacopo Tissino, Ulyana Dupletsa, Marica Branchesi, Jan Harms · 2025

The coming decade will be crucial for determining the final design and configuration of a global network of next-generation (XG) gravitational-wave detectors, including the Einstein Telescope (ET) and…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

MISA: Memory-Efficient LLMs Optimization with Module-wise Importance Sampling

Yuxi Liu, Renjia Deng, Yutong He, Xue Wang, Tao Yao, Kun Yuan · 2025

The substantial memory demands of pre-training and fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) require memory-efficient optimization algorithms. One promising approach is layer-wise optimization, which t…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Microsurgical Instrument Segmentation for Robot-Assisted Surgery

Tae Kyeong Jeong, Garam Kim, Juyoun Park · 2025

Accurate segmentation of thin structures is critical for microsurgical scene understanding but remains challenging due to resolution loss, low contrast, and class imbalance. We propose Microsurgery In…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

What Can We Learn from Inter-Annotator Variability in Skin Lesion Segmentation?

Kumar Abhishek, Jeremy Kawahara, Ghassan Hamarneh · 2025

Medical image segmentation exhibits intra- and inter-annotator variability due to ambiguous object boundaries, annotator preferences, expertise, and tools, among other factors. Lesions with ambiguous …

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Skill Learning via Policy Diversity Yields Identifiable Representations for Reinforcement Learning

Patrik Reizinger, Balint Mucsanyi, Siyuan Guo, Benjamin Eysenbach, Bernhard Scholkopf, Wieland Brendel · 2025

Self-supervised feature learning and pretraining methods in reinforcement learning (RL) often rely on information-theoretic principles, termed mutual information skill learning (MISL). These methods a…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Task Adaptation from Skills: Information Geometry, Disentanglement, and New Objectives for Unsupervised Reinforcement Learning

Yucheng Yang, Tianyi Zhou, Qiang He, Lei Han, Mykola Pechenizkiy, Meng Fang · 2025

Unsupervised reinforcement learning (URL) aims to learn general skills for unseen downstream tasks. Mutual Information Skill Learning (MISL) addresses URL by maximizing the mutual information between …

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

DuckSegmentation: A segmentation model based on the AnYue Hemp Duck Dataset

Ling Feng, Tianyu Xie, Wei Ma, Ruijie Fu, Yingxiao Zhang, Jun Li, Bei Zhou · 2025

The modernization of smart farming is a way to improve agricultural production efficiency, and improve the agricultural production environment. Although many large models have achieved high accuracy i…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Advancing Prompt-Based Methods for Replay-Independent General Continual Learning

Zhiqi Kang, Liyuan Wang, Xingxing Zhang, Karteek Alahari · 2025

General continual learning (GCL) is a broad concept to describe real-world continual learning (CL) problems, which are often characterized by online data streams without distinct transitions between t…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

xSRL: Safety-Aware Explainable Reinforcement Learning -- Safety as a Product of Explainability

Risal Shahriar Shefin, Md Asifur Rahman, Thai Le, Sarra Alqahtani · 2024

Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown great promise in simulated environments, such as games, where failures have minimal consequences. However, the deployment of RL agents in real-world systems such …

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Can a MISL Fly? Analysis and Ingredients for Mutual Information Skill Learning

Chongyi Zheng, Jens Tuyls, Joanne Peng, Benjamin Eysenbach · 2024

Self-supervised learning has the potential of lifting several of the key challenges in reinforcement learning today, such as exploration, representation learning, and reward design. Recent work (METRA…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Maximally Separated Active Learning

Tejaswi Kasarla, Abhishek Jha, Faye Tervoort, Rita Cucchiara, Pascal Mettes · 2024

Active Learning aims to optimize performance while minimizing annotation costs by selecting the most informative samples from an unlabelled pool. Traditional uncertainty sampling often leads to sampli…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Black Holes Inside and Out 2024: visions for the future of black hole physics

Niayesh Afshordi, Abhay Ashtekar, Enrico Barausse, Emanuele Berti, Richard Brito, Luca Buoninfante, Raul Carballo-Rubio, Vitor Cardoso, Gregorio Carullo, Mihalis Dafermos, Mariafelicia De Laurentis, Adrian del Rio, Francesco Di Filippo, Astrid Eichhorn, Roberto Emparan, Ruth Gregory, Carlos A. R. Herdeiro, Jutta Kunz, Luis Lehner, Stefano Liberati, Samir D. Mathur, Samaya Nissanke, Paolo Pani, Alessia Platania, Frans Pretorius, Misao Sasaki, Paul Tiede, William Unruh, Matt Visser, Robert M. Wald · 2024

The gravitational physics landscape is evolving rapidly, driven by our ability to study strong-field regions, in particular black holes. Black Holes Inside and Out gathered world experts to discuss th…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Multi-source Stable Variable Importance Measure via Adversarial Machine Learning

Zitao Wang, Nian Si, Zijian Guo, Molei Liu · 2024

The quantification and inference of predictive importance for exposure covariates have recently gained significant attention in the context of interpretable machine learning. Contemporary scientific i…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Lesion Elevation Prediction from Skin Images Improves Diagnosis

Kumar Abhishek, Ghassan Hamarneh · 2024

While deep learning-based computer-aided diagnosis for skin lesion image analysis is approaching dermatologists' performance levels, there are several works showing that incorporating additional featu…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Segmentation Style Discovery: Application to Skin Lesion Images

Kumar Abhishek, Jeremy Kawahara, Ghassan Hamarneh · 2024

Variability in medical image segmentation, arising from annotator preferences, expertise, and their choice of tools, has been well documented. While the majority of multi-annotator segmentation approa…

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