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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

On Higher-Order Probabilistic Verification via the Weighted Relational Model of Linear Logic

Ugo Dal Lago, Guido Fiorillo, Paolo Pistone · 2026

The problem of determining whether a probabilistic program terminates almost surely (i.e.~with probability one) is undecidable, and actually $\Pi^0_2$-complete. For this reason, a growing literature h…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Revealing Strategic Interactions in Network Games Under Decaying Active Probing

Xiaoyu Xin, Longxu Zhang, Jinlong Lei, Yiguang Hong · 2026

Revealing the interaction topology underlying strategic behavior is fundamental to prediction, intervention, and policy design in networked systems. Yet the interaction matrix is often unobservable, a…

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Earth & Environmental Sciences Preprint PDF DOI

Meta-learning-enhanced implicit full waveform inversion

Huan Song, Shijun Cheng, Huanhuan Tang, Wei Ouyang, Weijian Mao · 2026

Implicit full waveform inversion (IFWI) introduces implicit neural representations to parameterize the subsurface velocity model as a continuous function of spatial coordinates, which alleviates the d…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Uncertainty-Aware Predictive Safety Filters for Probabilistic Neural Network Dynamics

Bernd Frauenknecht, Lukas Kesper, Daniel Mayfrank, Henrik Hose, Sebastian Trimpe · 2026

Predictive safety filters (PSFs) leverage model predictive control to enforce constraint satisfaction during deep reinforcement learning (RL) exploration, yet their reliance on first-principles models…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Median-of-Means for Nash Equilibrium Seeking in Heavy-Tailed Games

Chao Sun, Bo Chen, Jianzheng Wang, Zheming Wang, Li Yu · 2026

This paper studies the Nash equilibrium seeking problem for stochastic games under heavy-tailed noise. The gradient noise is considered to have a finite $\delta$-th moment ($1<\delta\le 2$), which gen…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Blinded Mock Data Challenge: Is the Spectral Siren Technique Robust for Measuring the Hubble Constant?

Christos Karathanasis, Suvodip Mukherjee, Lalit Pathak, Sergio Vallejo-Pena, Mohit Raj Sah, Benoit Revenu, Antonio Enea Romano, Juan Garcia-Bellido · 2026

The measurement of the Hubble constant from gravitational wave (GW) sources is one of the independent avenues to shed light on the Hubble tension, which is associated with about an $8\%$ mismatch in t…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Dyna-Style Safety Augmented Reinforcement Learning: Staying Safe in the Face of Uncertainty

Artur Eisele, Bernd Frauenknecht, Friedrich Solowjow, Sebastian Trimpe · 2026

Safety remains an open problem in reinforcement learning (RL), especially during training. While safety filters are promising to address safe exploration, they are generally poorly suited for high-dim…

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Engineering Preprint PDF DOI

Distributed adaptive estimation for stochastic large regression models

Die Gan, Siyu Xie, Zhixin Liu, Xuebo Zhang · 2026

This paper studies the distributed adaptiveestimation problems for stochastic large regression modelswith an infinite number of parameters. By constructing a re-cursive local cost function, we propose…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

On rates of convergence for sample average approximations without smoothness

Hien Duy Nguyen, Jacob Westerhout, Xin Guo · 2026

Sample average approximation (SAA) replaces an intractable expected objective by an empirical average and is a basic device of modern stochastic optimization. We develop a rate theory for optimal valu…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Thermodynamic Phase Transitions in Einstein-Maxwell-Scalar-Gauss-Bonnet Gravity

Cristian Erices, Stella Kiorpelidi · 2026

Although asymptotically flat black holes generically lack thermodynamic phase transitions, we show that curvature-induced scalarization of electrically charged black holes in Einstein-Maxwell- Scalar-…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Analysis of the Gaia DR3 planetary nebula candidates and the possible symbiotic stars among them

Lionel Mulato, Jaroslav Merc, Stephane Charbonnel, Olivier Garde, Pascal le Du, Thomas Petit · 2026

The Gaia DR3, released in June 2022, included low-resolution BP/RP (XP) spectra that have been exploited for the classification of various types of emission-line objects using machine-learning techniq…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Learning to Rotate: Temporal and Semantic Rotary Encoding for Sequential Modeling

Hailing Cheng, Daqi Sun, Xinyu Lu · 2026

Every Transformer architecture dedicates enormous capacity to learning rich representations in semantic embedding space -- yet the rotation manifold acted upon by Rotary Positional Embeddings (RoPE) h…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Inference of Online Newton Methods with Nesterov's Accelerated Sketching

Haoxuan Wang, Xinchen Du, Sen Na · 2026

Reliable decision-making with streaming data requires principled uncertainty quantification of online methods. While first-order methods enable efficient iterate updates, their inference procedures st…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Score-Repellent Monte Carlo: Toward Efficient Non-Markovian Sampler with Constant Memory in General State Spaces

Jie Hu, Lingyun Chen, Geeho Kim, Jinyoung Choi, Bohyung Han, Do Young Eun · 2026

History-dependent sampling can reduce long-run Monte Carlo variance by discouraging redundant revisits, but existing schemes typically encode history through empirical measure on finite state spaces, …

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Stochastic Krasnoselskii-Mann Iterations: Convergence without Uniformly Bounded Variance

Daniel Cortild, Coralia Cartis · 2026

We investigate the Stochastic Krasnoselskii-Mann iterations for expected nonexpansive fixed-point problems in a real Hilbert space. We establish convergence guarantees under significantly weaker assum…

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Engineering Preprint PDF DOI

Privacy-Preserving Distributed Stochastic Optimization with Homomorphic Encryption and Heterogeneous Stepsizes

Haoqiang Zhou, Chi Chen, Yongfeng Zhi, Huan Gao · 2026

Distributed stochastic optimization enables multi-agent collaboration in applications such as distributed learning and sensor networks, but also raises critical privacy concerns due to the involvement…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Too Sharp, Too Sure: When Calibration Follows Curvature

Alessandro Morosini, Matea Gjika, Tomaso Poggio, Pierfrancesco Beneventano · 2026

Modern neural networks can achieve high accuracy while remaining poorly calibrated, producing confidence estimates that do not match empirical correctness. Yet calibration is often treated as a post-h…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Bounding Transient Instability in Sensor Data Injected Nonlinear Stochastic Flight Dynamics

Surya Ratna Prakash D, Soumyendu Raha · 2026

Transient instability in nonlinear stochastic dynamical systems is a fundamental limitation in safety-critical aerospace applications, particularly during powered descent and landing where failure is …

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Cover meets Robbins while Betting on Bounded Data: $\ln n$ Regret and Almost Sure $\ln\ln n$ Regret

Shubhada Agrawal, Aaditya Ramdas · 2026

Consider betting against a sequence of data in $[0,1]$, where one is allowed to make any bet that is fair if the data have a conditional mean $m_0 \in (0,1)$. Cover's universal portfolio algorithm del…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Entropy bound and the non-universality of entanglement islands

Naman Kumar · 2026

Entanglement islands resolve the AMPS firewall paradox in a region-dependent manner by modifying the entanglement wedge of Hawking radiation. We investigate whether this resolution can be made univers…

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