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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

High-Girth Regular Quantum LDPC Codes from Square-Base Hypergraph Products via CPM Lifts

Koki Okada, Kenta Kasai · 2026

We study square-base Calderbank--Shor--Steane (CSS) hypergraph-product codes as a finite-length class for regular high-girth quantum low-density parity-check (LDPC) design. For base matrices of small …

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Online Coloring for Graphs of Large Odd Girth

Hirotaka Yoneda, Masataka Yoneda · 2026

We study the problem of online coloring for graphs with large odd girth. The best previously known algorithm uses $O(n^{1/2})$ colors, which was discovered by Kierstead in 1998. This algorithm works w…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Probing dust properties through polarized scattered-light images of a sample of ring-shaped protoplanetary disks

Maxime Roumesy, Francois Menard, Gaspard Duchene, Ryo Tazaki, Christian Ginski · 2026

The evolution of protoplanetary disks, especially in the early stages of planetary formation, as dust grows, is the cornerstone of the birth of planets. The mechanisms involved in the growth of sub-mi…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Quantitative homogenization of the maximal action of curves in a Brownian potential

Felix Otto, Matteo Palmieri · 2026

Motivated by an optimal-matching problem (Leighton-Shor) and the random-field Ising model (Aizenman-Wehr, Ding-Wirth), we consider a variational problem for graphs in $1+1$ dimension maximizing an act…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

The IACOB project: XVII. Nitrogen abundances in Galactic O-type stars: further hints for separating binary-interaction products from effectively single stars

C. Martinez-Sebastian, G. Holgado, S. Simon-Diaz, F. Martins, J. Puls · 2026

Context. Growing evidence is revealing the crucial role of binarity in massive star evolution. This affects evolution models and demands a refinement of the available observational constraints. Aims. …

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Topology-Aware Representation Alignment for Semi-Supervised Vision-Language Learning

Junwon You, Mihyun Jang, Sangwoo Mo, Jae-Hun Jung · 2026

Vision-language models have shown strong performance, but they often generalize poorly to specialized domains. While semi-supervised vision-language learning mitigates this limitation by leveraging a …

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Economics & Finance Preprint PDF DOI

Sources of Inequality at Birth: The Interplay Between Genes and Parental Socioeconomic Status

Pietro Biroli, Nicolau Martin-Bassols, Andries T. Marees, Hans van Kippersluis, Cornelius A. Rietveld, Pia Arce, Kevin Thom, Stephanie von Hinke, Jeremy Vollen, Titus Galama · 2026

The start of a human's life can be characterized by two lotteries: that of your genes (nature) and the family you were born into (nurture). These set in motion a trajectory, from birth onward, in heal…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

On the complexity of edge subdivision to $H$-free graphs

Marta Piecyk, R. B. Sandeep · 2026

Subdividing an edge $uv$ in a graph replaces it by a path $u w v$ with one new vertex. For a graph $H$, the \textsc{$H$-free Subdivision} problem asks whether, given a graph $G$ and an integer $k$, on…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Efficient Implementations of Extended Object PMBM Filters with Blocked Gibbs Sampling

Yuxuan Xia, Angel F. Garcia-Fernandez, Lennart Svensson · 2026

This paper considers multiple extended object tracking based on Poisson multi-Bernoulli mixture (PMBM) filtering, which gives the closed-form Bayesian solution for standard multiple extended object mo…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

On the Hardness of Finding Temporally Connected Subgraphs of Any Size

Arnaud Casteigts, Christian Komusiewicz, Nils Morawietz · 2026

Temporal graphs are graphs whose edges are only present at certain points in time. Reachability in these graphs relies on temporal paths, where edges are traversed chronologically. A temporal graph th…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Implicit Framing in Obstetric Counseling Notes: A Grounded LLM Pipeline on a VBAC-Eligible Cohort

Baris Karacan, Barbara Di Eugenio, Patrick Thornton, Joanna Tess, Subhash Kumar Kolar · 2026

Clinical framing -- the linguistic manner in which clinical information is presented -- can influence patient understanding and decision-making, with important implications for healthcare outcomes. Ob…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

On balanced biregular cages

Araujo-Pardo Gabriela, Kiss Gyorgy · 2026

In this paper, we introduce a problem closely related to the {\emph{Cage Problem}}. We are interested in {\emph{Balanced Biregular Cages}}, which are the smallest biregular graphs of fixed girth that …

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Effects conditional on post-treatment events generated by independent mechanisms

Marco Piccininni, Mats J. Stensrud · 2026

In both observational studies and randomized trials, post-treatment events such as dropout, nonadherence, and truncation by death occur frequently. In some studies, conditioning on post-treatment vari…

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Chemistry Preprint PDF DOI

Birth, Death, and Replication at Surfaces: Universal Laws of Autocatalytic Dynamics

Denis S. Grebenkov · 2026

Autocatalytic processes underlie diverse systems in which replication is triggered at interfaces, including heterogeneous catalysis on solid substrates, enzyme activity at membranes, viral infections,…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

A non-existence result for vertex-girth-regular graphs

Jorik Jooken, Denys Lohvynov · 2026

A $k$-regular graph of girth $g$ is called vertex-girth-regular if every vertex is contained in the same number of cycles of length $g$. For integers $n, k, g$ and $\lambda$, we denote such a graph on…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Graphon Limits of Graph Reaction--Diffusion Equations

Edith J. Zhang, James Scott, Qiang Du · 2026

A graph reaction--diffusion (RD) equation is a system of differential equations that is defined on the nodes of a graph. Consider a sequence of growing graphs that converges in cut norm to a limiting …

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

High-Girth Regular Quantum LDPC Codes from Affine-Coset Structures

Koki Okada, Kenta Kasai · 2026

We construct a quantum low-density parity-check code family from a length-$512$ Calderbank--Shor--Steane base matrix pair. The base pair is permutation-equivalent to the known SPC(3) product CSS code,…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Likelihood-based inference for birth-death processes with composite birth mechanisms

Marko Lalovic, Nicos Georgiou, Istvan Z. Kiss · 2026

We develop a likelihood-based inference for finite-state birth-death processes with composite birth rates, in which multiple distinct mechanisms contribute additively to the total birth intensity. Our…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Epimorphisms of local cohomology modules, a general Peskine-Szpiro theorem, and an application to sheaf cohomology vanishing for thickenings

Andre Dosea, Majid Eghbali, Cleto B. Miranda-Neto · 2026

We study the surjectivity of certain maps involving local cohomology modules, which we can realize as a dual version of part of the investigation developed by Bhatt, Blickle, Lyubeznik, Singh and Zhan…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Non-Abelian p-Curvature and a Non-Abelian Katz's Formula

Michael Barz · 2026

Let $k$ be a field of characteristic $p,$ and $f : X \to S$ a smooth proper morphism of smooth $k$-schemes. Katz's formula gives a relationship between the Kodaira--Spencer map of $f,$ and an invarian…

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