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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Chemical Taxonomy of $\omega$~Centauri: Ten Populations Reveal a Multi-Phase Enrichment History

Furkan Akbaba, Olcay Plevne, Timur Sahin, Sena Aleyna Senturk ยท 2026

$\omega$~Centauri, the most massive globular cluster in the Milky Way, exhibits a level of stellar population complexity that has long resisted a unified chemical characterisation. We exploit high-resโ€ฆ

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Superpolynomial Length Lower Bounds for Tree-Like Semantic Proof Systems with Bounded Line Size

Susanna F. de Rezende, David Engstrom, Yassine Ghannane, Kilian Risse ยท 2026

We prove superpolynomial length lower bounds for the semantic tree-like Frege refutation system with bounded line size. Concretely, for any function $n^{2-\varepsilon} \leq s(n) \leq 2^{n^{1-\varepsilโ€ฆ

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Heegaard Floer homology and maximal twisting numbers

Alberto Cavallo, Irena Matkovic ยท 2026

We adapt the Ozsv\'ath-Szab\'o full path algorithm to every star-shaped graph and establish a correspondence between negative-twisting tight contact structures on any Seifert fibred space over $S^2$, โ€ฆ

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Index-Assisted Stratified Sampling for Online Aggregation

Yunnan Yu, Zhuoyue Zhao ยท 2026

Ad-hoc queries over frequently updated data in a flat schema are common in real-time data analysis applications and often require very low latency. Online aggregation can achieve so by providing approโ€ฆ

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Finding the one: identifying the host of compact binary mergers

Alberto Salvarese, Hsin-Yu Chen, Daniel E. Holz ยท 2026

Finding the host galaxies of stellar-mass compact binary mergers will open a new window for studying their formation histories and measuring key cosmological parameters, such as the Hubble constant. Tโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Beyond Gaussian Bottlenecks: Topologically Aligned Encoding of Vision-Transformer Feature Spaces

Andrew Bond, Ilkin Umut Melanlioglu, Erkut Erdem, Aykut Erdem ยท 2026

Modern visual world modeling systems increasingly rely on high-capacity architectures and large-scale data to produce plausible motion, yet they often fail to preserve underlying 3D geometry or physicโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Kernel-based independence and mean independence tests for weakly dependent data

Daniel Diz-Castro, Manuel Febrero-Bande, Wenceslao Gonzalez-Manteiga ยท 2026

We provide a unified framework for independence and mean independence tests based on the Hilbert-Schmidt independence criterion, extending some previous results in the literature to hold in general toโ€ฆ

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

New gravitational-wave templates for metastable cosmic strings: Loop breaking versus network collapse

Doa Hashemi Asl, Kai Schmitz ยท 2026

Metastable cosmic strings are a common prediction of grand unified theories and act as a source of a gravitational-wave background (GWB) that can explain the 2023 pulsar timing array (PTA) signal. In โ€ฆ

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

On centered local $\pi$-bases

Nathan Carlson ยท 2026

In 1967 Hajnal and Juh{\'a}sz showed that the cardinality of a first-countable Hausdorff space with the countable chain condition has cardinality at most $\mathfrak{c}$, the cardinality of the real liโ€ฆ

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Frobenius Traces for Rank-2 Drinfeld Modules, Higher-Dimensional Galois Representations, and a Strong Multiplicity One Theorem in Positive Characteristic

Chien-Hua Chen ยท 2026

In this paper, we prove that if the Frobenius traces agree at all but finitely many places, then two $l$-adic Galois representations, associated to rank-$2$ non-CM Drinfeld modules of generic characteโ€ฆ

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Cosmological intercept tension

Jia-Qi Wang, Shao-Jiang Wang ยท 2026

The long-standing tension in the Hubble constant $H_0$ has motivated extensive explorations of both new physics and observational systematics, for example, the late-time systematics in measuring the Bโ€ฆ

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

On the polarization position angle jumps in FRB 20240114A

Ninisha Manaswini, Dante M. Hewitt, Laura G. Spitler, Jason W. T. Hessels, Ramesh Karuppusamy, Jeff Huang, Pranav Limaye, Lucas Guillemot, Ismael Cognard ยท 2026

Fast radio bursts (FRBs), thought to originate from magnetars, exhibit diverse polarization properties that constrain their emission physics and local magneto-ionic environments. The polarization posiโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Learning from Disagreement: Clinician Overrides as Implicit Preference Signals for Clinical AI in Value-Based Care

Prabhjot Singh, Abhishek Gupta, Chris Betz, Abe Flansburg, Brett Ives, Sudeep Lama, Jung Hoon Son ยท 2026

We reframe clinician overrides of clinical AI recommendations as implicit preference data - the same signal structure exploited by reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), but richer: the anโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Latent-GRPO: Group Relative Policy Optimization for Latent Reasoning

Jingcheng Deng, Zihao Wei, Liang Pang, Junhong Wu, Shicheng Xu, Zenghao Duan, Huawei Shen ยท 2026

Latent reasoning offers a more efficient alternative to explicit reasoning by compressing intermediate reasoning into continuous representations and substantially shortening reasoning chains. However,โ€ฆ

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

On Higher-Order Probabilistic Verification via the Weighted Relational Model of Linear Logic

Ugo Dal Lago, Guido Fiorillo, Paolo Pistone ยท 2026

The problem of determining whether a probabilistic program terminates almost surely (i.e.~with probability one) is undecidable, and actually $\Pi^0_2$-complete. For this reason, a growing literature hโ€ฆ

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Chiral Symmetry and Its Restoration in QCD

Teiji Kunihiro ยท 2026

Starting with describing the Dirac equation in an unconventional manner, we introduce the notion of chirality and show how chiralities are mixed in the massive Dirac particles.Then we discuss the apprโ€ฆ

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Simpler and Improved Replacement Path Coverings

Davide Bilo, Shiri Chechik, Keerti Choudhary, Sarel Cohen, Martin Schirneck ยท 2026

An important tool in the design of fault-tolerant graph data structures are $(L,f)$-replacement path coverings (RPCs). An RPC is a family $\mathcal{G}$ of subgraphs of a given graph $G$ such that, forโ€ฆ

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Rational characteristic classes of bundles with fibre a product of spheres

Jan McGarry-Furriol ยท 2026

We prove the existence of many non-trivial characteristic classes of smooth oriented bundles with fibre a product $ S^{n}\times S^{n} $ of odd-dimensional spheres. We do so by proving injectivity of tโ€ฆ

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Stein's square function associated with the Bochner-Riesz means on M\'etivier groups and its applications

Joydwip Singh ยท 2026

In this paper, we study the $L^p$-boundedness of Stein's square function $\mathfrak{S}^{\alpha}(\mathcal{L})$ associated with the sub-Laplacian $\mathcal{L}$ on M\'etivier group $G$. A key aspect of oโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Taming the Centaur(s) with LAPITHS: a framework for a theoretically grounded interpretation of AI performances

Matteo Da Pelo, Alessio Donvito, Claudio Frongia, Pietro Salis, Antonio Lieto ยท 2026

We introduce a framework called LAPITHS (Language model Analysis through Paradigm grounded Interpretations of Theses about Human likenesS) and use it to show that several major claims advanced by modeโ€ฆ

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