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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Fractional Cosmic String Loops In Expanding Universe

Pankaj Chaturvedi, Bikram Nath · 2026

We study the dynamics of circular cosmic string loops in a spatially flat Friedmann Lema\^itre Robertson Walker universe within a fractional Polyakov framework that incorporates nonlocal memory effect…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

One Coordinate at a Time: Convergence Guarantees for Rotosolve in Variational Quantum Algorithms

Sayantan Pramanik, M Girish Chandra · 2026

In this paper, we resolve an open question in the field of optimization algorithms for training parametrized quantum circuits: Does the popular Rotosolve algorithm converge? Until now, interpolation-b…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Path integral for the closed superstring and the matrix model

Yuhma Asano · 2026

The IKKT matrix model, which is proposed as a non-perturbative formulation of superstring theory, has an issue typical of zero-dimensional theory -- ambiguity in the definition of its path integral. T…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

PolyKV: A Shared Asymmetrically-Compressed KV Cache Pool for Multi-Agent LLM Inference

Ishan Patel, Ishan Joshi · 2026

We present PolyKV, a system in which multiple concurrent inference agents share a single, asymmetrically compressed KV cache pool. Rather than allocating a separate KV cache per agent -- the standard …

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

PRP, HS and LS Conjugate Gradient Methods for Interval-Valued Multiobjective Optimization Problems

Tapas Mondal, Debdulal Ghosh, Zai-Yun Peng, Yong Zhao · 2026

In this article, we develop an efficient algorithm based on three special variants of the nonlinear conjugate gradient method, namely, the Polak--Ribiere--Polyak, Hestenes--Stiefel, and Liu--Story sch…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

When Does Dynamic Preconditioning Preserve the Polyak-Ruppert CLT? A Stabilization Threshold

Sunyoung An, Xiaoming Huo · 2026

Polyak-Ruppert averaging yields an asymptotically normal estimator with sandwich covariance $H^{-1}SH^{-1}$, the foundation of online inference. When the gradient step is preconditioned by a data-driv…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Particle and Superparticle Confinement in Higher Codimension Braneworlds

F. E. A. de Souza, M. O. Tahim, R. I. de Oliveira Junior, I. M. Macedo · 2026

In this work we analyze the classical confinement of relativistic and supersymmetric spinning particles in higher-codimension braneworlds. Considering warped backgrounds generated by string-like $ n=2…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Influence of Ni Doping on the Structural, Morphological, Optical, and Electrical Properties of Nanocrystalline Cd1-xMnxS Thin Films

Himanshu Sharma Pathok, Padma Pani Shahu, Himanshu Kalita, Prasanta Kumar Saikia · 2026

Ni-doped Cd1-xMnxS (x=0.4) thin films were prepared via a cost-effective chemical bath deposition (CBD) method to investigate their suitability for optoelectronic applications. Incorporation of a seco…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Generalized BPS magnetic monopoles in inhomogeneous Yang-Mills-Higgs models

Filipe Rodrigues da Silva, Azadeh Mohammadi · 2026

We present a non-Abelian model for magnetic monopoles in inhomogeneous media, based on a generalization of the standard 't~Hooft-Polyakov model. The medium is described by spatially dependent coupling…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Discovery of Graphene Sheets and C-Rich Micro-Oval structure in Stingless Bee Hive; Leading to an Emergent Material with Debut of Blue Emission

Manas Kumar Dalai, Ankita Mahakhuda, Abinash Prusty · 2026

Naturally produced stingless bee hive (NP-SBH) is an intricately produced material by the combination of waxes, resin and other biological materials that offers protection and structural stability to …

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Adiabatic continuity in a partially reduced twisted Eguchi-Kawai model with one adjoint Dirac fermion

Yudai Hamada, Tatsuhiro Misumi · 2026

We numerically investigate whether the center-symmetric confined phase of large-$N$ $SU(N)$ gauge theory with one adjoint Dirac fermion persists under spatial compactification on $\mathbb{R}^3 \times …

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Trajectory-Restricted Optimization Conditions and Geometry-Aware Linear Convergence

Faris Chaudhry, Anthea Monod, Keisuke Yano · 2026

Linear convergence of first-order methods is typically characterized by global optimization conditions whose constants reflect worst-case geometry of the ambient space. In high-dimensional or structur…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Lower Bounds and Proximally Anchored SGD for Non-Convex Minimization Under Unbounded Variance

Arda Fazla, Ege C. Kaya, Antesh Upadhyay, Abolfazl Hashemi · 2026

Analysis of Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) and its variants typically relies on the assumption of uniformly bounded variance, a condition that frequently fails in practical non-convex settings, suc…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

A Momentum-based Stochastic Algorithm for Linearly Constrained Nonconvex Optimization

Chenyang Qiu, Mihitha Maithripala, Zongli Lin · 2026

This paper studies a stochastic algorithm for linearly constrained nonconvex optimization, where the objective function is smooth but only unbiased stochastic gradients with bounded variance are avail…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

On the Connectedness of Sublevel Sets in Invex Optimization

Vinzenz Thoma, Zebang Shen, Niao He · 2026

Understanding the topology of sublevel sets yields crucial insights into the optimization landscape of non-convex functions. If sublevel sets are connected, local search algorithms are less likely to …

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Parent Hamiltonian Construction of Generalized Calogero-Sutherland Models

Hari Borutta, Andreas Feuerpfeil, Yasir Iqbal · 2026

The Calogero-Sutherland model is a paradigmatic integrable system describing one-dimensional non-relativistic particles with inverse-square interactions. At interaction strength $\lambda=2$, the CSM e…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Continuous-time Online Learning via Mean-Field Neural Networks: Regret Analysis in Diffusion Environments

Erhan Bayraktar, Bingyan Han, Ziqing Zhang · 2026

We study continuous-time online learning where data are generated by a diffusion process with unknown coefficients. The learner employs a two-layer neural network, continuously updating its parameters…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Online Covariance Estimation in Averaged SGD: Improved Batch-Mean Rates and Minimax Optimality via Trajectory Regression

Yijin Ni, Xiaoming Huo · 2026

We study online covariance matrix estimation for Polyak--Ruppert averaged stochastic gradient descent (SGD). The online batch-means estimator of Zhu, Chen and Wu (2023) achieves an operator-norm conve…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Unified Compression Algorithm for Distributed Nonconvex Optimization: Generalized to 1-Bit, Saturation, and Bounded Noise

Haonan Wang, Minghui Liwang, Yiguang Hong, Karl H. Johansson, Xinlei Yi · 2026

In this paper, we propose a unified compression algorithm for distributed nonconvex opitmization with both the locally- and globally-bounded communication compressors, including 1-bit compressors, sat…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Byzantine-Robust Distributed SGD: A Unified Analysis and Tight Error Bounds

Boyuan Ruan, Xiaoyu Wang, Ya-Feng Liu · 2026

Byzantine-robust distributed optimization relies on robust aggregation rules to mitigate the influence of malicious Byzantine workers. Despite the proliferation of such rules, a unified convergence an…

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