Research
Research
Research
Research
346,661+ open-access research outputs.
In behavioral cloning (BC), policy performance is fundamentally limited by demonstration data quality. Real-world datasets contain trajectories of varying quality due to operator skill differences, te…
High-fidelity simulation of particle-matter interactions provides the essential theoretical reference for diverse physics disciplines, yet generating synthetic datasets at the scale of current and fut…
Reliable object perception is necessary for general-purpose service robots. Open-vocabulary detectors struggle to generalize beyond a few classes and fully supervised training of object detectors requ…
Subtle visual anomalies such as hairline cracks, sub-millimeter voids, and low-contrast inclusions are structurally atypical yet visually ambiguous, making them both difficult to annotate and easy to …
Recent medical multimodal foundation models are built as multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) by connecting a CLIP-pretrained vision encoder to an LLM using LLaVA-style finetuning. This two-stage, decoupled approa…
We use machine learning to develop a framework for classifying meteoroids based on 13 directly observed parameters from the Global Meteor Network. This method adds depth to the $K_{b}$ parameter, whic…
Reward models in RLHF are trained to score only the final token of a response - a choice that discards rich signal from every intermediate position and produces models whose token-level outputs are no…
In this paper, we propose a novel mixed integer programming model to formulate integrated operating room planning and scheduling problems, where several mandatory and elective surgeries are to be assi…
Predicting future trajectories of surrounding traffic agents is critical for safe autonomous navigation and collision avoidance. Despite all advances in the trajectory forecasting realm, the predictio…
Despite growing calls to foster AI literacy, there are few available survey instruments designed for children and youth that study computational empowerment alongside construction and deconstruction a…
Strongly-correlated electrons in transition-metal oxides give rise to intriguing emergent phenomena, including high-temperature superconductivity in cuprates. While simplified one-band Hubbard models …
Natural language data follows a power-law distribution, with most knowledge and skills appearing at very low frequency. While a common intuition suggests that reweighting or curating data towards a un…
The promise of data-driven materials discovery remains constrained by the scarcity of large, high-quality, and accessible experimental datasets. Here, we introduce a generalizable large language model…
Verification is becoming central to both reinforcement-learning-based training and inference-time control of large language models (LLMs). Yet current verifiers face a fundamental trade-off: LLM-based…
We demonstrate that machine learning methods provide a powerful framework for modelling conditional asymmetric risk. Using a large cross-section of US stocks and a comprehensive set of firm characteri…
The physics driving type Ia supernovae (SNe~Ia) standardisation in cosmology remains poorly-understood. Recent advances however mean that it is now possible to systematically analyse the explosion pro…
Observations of type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) have led to suggestions of multiple progenitor and explosion scenarios. Distinguishing between scenarios and tying specific SNe Ia to individual scenarios h…
Exponential families form the backbone of modern statistics and machine learning, but textbooks seldom derive them from first principles in an accessible way. Although minimal sufficiency and the prin…
As AI systems move from generating text to accomplishing goals through sustained interaction, the ability to model environment dynamics becomes a central bottleneck. Agents that manipulate objects, na…
The emergence of large language models has enabled vibe coding, a natural language approach to programming in which users describe intent and AI generates or revises code, potentially broadening acces…
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