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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Linear-Core Surrogates: Smooth Loss Functions with Linear Rates for Classification and Structured Prediction

Mehryar Mohri, Yutao Zhong · 2026

The choice of loss function in classification involves a fundamental trade-off: smooth losses (like Cross-Entropy) enable fast optimization rates but yield slow square-root consistency bounds, while p…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Strongly Refuting Random CSP without Literals

Siu On Chan, Tommaso d'Orsi, Jeff Xu · 2026

Under what condition is a random constraint satisfaction problem hard to refute by the sum-of-squares (SoS) algorithm? A sufficient condition is t-wise uniformity, that is, each constraint has a t-wis…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

A Discrete-Time Random Feature Method for Nonlinear Evolution Equations with Implicit-Explicit Runge--Kutta Time Stepping

Haoran Zhou, Zhaohui Fu, Yangshuai Wang, Xinlong Feng · 2026

We study a discrete-time random feature method for nonlinear, time-dependent partial differential equations. In contrast to continuous-time formulations that treat time as an additional input variable…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Survey on topological methods for Allen--Cahn equations and systems

Joao Henrique Andrade, Stefano Nardulli, Raoni Ponciano · 2026

We present a survey on multiplicity results for the Allen--Cahn equation and systems in the singular perturbation regime, emphasizing their geometric interpretation through $\Gamma$-convergence and is…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Khintchine's theorem for inhomogeneous simultaneous approximation with polynomial decay

Seongmin Kim · 2026

Khintchine's theorem on the measure dichotomy for the set of $\psi$-approximable numbers has been generalized to inhomogeneous and higher-dimensional settings. Allen and Ram\'irez conjectured that the…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Algebraic methods in periodic singular Liouville equations

Chin-Lung Wang · 2026

We explain how algebraic geometry comes into play in the study of non-linear mean field (singular Liouville) equations $$ \triangle u + e^u = 4\pi \sum_{i = 1}^N \ell_i \delta_{p_i} $$ on a flat torus…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Neural surrogates for crystal growth dynamics with variable supersaturation: explicit vs. implicit conditioning

Matteo Rigoni, Daniele Lanzoni, Francesco Montalenti, Roberto Bergamaschini · 2026

Simulations of crystal growth are performed by using Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network surrogate models, trained on a dataset of time sequences computed by numerical integration of Allen-Cahn dyn…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Structure-preserving approximation for non-isothermal phase-field models in melt flow

Aaron Brunk, Dennis Hohn · 2026

This work presents a conforming finite-element scheme for the non-isothermal Allen-Cahn-Navier-Stokes system, incorporating periodic, closed, and thermal boundary conditions. The system comprises the …

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Annealed Langevin Monte Carlo for Flow ODE Sampling

Hanwen Huang · 2026

We propose Annealed Langevin Monte Carlo for Flow ODE Sampling (ALMC-ODE), a method for generating samples from unnormalized target distributions, with a particular emphasis on multimodal densities th…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Minimizers for the Cahn-Hilliard energy functional with the Flory-Huggins potential under strong anchoring conditions

Shibin Dai, Abba Ramadan, Natasha Sharma · 2026

In this paper, we theoretically and numerically study the minimizers for the Cahn-Hilliard energy with the Flory-Huggins potential under the strong anchoring condition, i.e., the Dirichlet boundary co…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

LLM-Viterbi: Semantic-Aware Decoding for Convolutional Codes

Zhengtong Li, Chentao Yue, Jiafu Hao, Branka Vucetic, Yonghui Li · 2026

Traditional wireless communications rely solely on bit-level channel coding for error correction, without exploiting the inherent linguistic structure of the data source. This paper proposes a large l…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

DeepRitzSplit Neural Operator for Phase-Field Models via Energy Splitting

Chih-Kang Huang, Ludovick Gagnon, Miha Zaloznik, Benoit Appolaire · 2026

The multi-scale and non-linear nature of phase-field models of solidification requires fine spatial and temporal discretization, leading to long computation times. This could be overcome with artifici…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Rethinking the Comparison Unit in Sequence-Level Reinforcement Learning: An Equal-Length Paired Training Framework from Loss Correction to Sample Construction

Fei Ding, Yongkang Zhang, Runhao Liu, Yuhao Liao, Zijian Zeng, Huiming Yang, Sibo wang, Linglin Liao · 2026

This paper investigates the length problem in sequence-level relative reinforcement learning. We observe that, although existing methods partially alleviate length-related phenomena, a more fundamenta…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Sharp Interface Limit for a Mass-Conserving Navier-Stokes/Allen-Cahn System with Different Viscosities

Helmut Abels, Hanifah Mumtaz · 2026

We perform a rigorous examination of the sharp interface limit of a coupled Navier-Stokes and mass-conserving Allen-Cahn system in a two-dimensional, bounded, and smooth domain as the parameter $\vare…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

On the chromatic profile for tripartite graphs and beyond

Bo Ning, Jian Wang, Yisai Xue · 2026

Let $H$ be a graph and let $\delta_{\chi}(H,r)$ denote the infimum of $c$ such that every $H$-free graph with minimum degree at least $cn$ is $r$-colorable. The \textit{chromatic profile} of $H$ is de…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Central limit theorem for the Allen-Cahn equation with supercritical random initial conditions

Colin Piernot, Kexing Ying · 2026

We study the large-scale behavior of solutions to the Allen-Cahn reaction-diffusion equation with Gaussian initial data. We consider the case of short-range dependence in the associated supercritical …

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Explicit inequalities for the nth lucky number

Carlo Sanna · 2026

Gardiner, Lazarus, Metropolis, and Ulam introduced a variation of the sieve of Eratosthenes that (instead of producing the sequence of prime numbers) produces the sequence of "lucky numbers". The dist…

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Optimal decay of heteroclinic solutions of the fractional Allen-Cahn equation with a degenerate potential

Francesco De Pas, Serena Dipierro, Enrico Valdinoci · 2026

We refine the asymptotic estimates for minimizers of a class of nonlocal energy functionals of the form \[ \frac{1}{4} \iint_{\R^{2n} \setminus (\R^n \setminus \Omega)^2} \snr{u(x) - u(y)}^2 K(x - y) …

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

PINNs in PDE Constrained Optimal Control Problems: Direct vs Indirect Methods

Zhen Zhang, Shanqing Liu, Alessandro Alla, Jerome Darbon, George Em Karniadakis · 2026

We study physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) as numerical tools for the optimal control of semilinear partial differential equations. We first recall the classical direct and indirect viewpoints …

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Two-Channel Allen-Dynes Framework for Superconducting Critical Temperatures: Blind Predictions Across Five Orders of Magnitude and a Quantum-Metric No-Go Result

Jian Zhou · 2026

We present a two-channel extension of the Allen-Dynes framework that unifies phonon-mediated and spin-fluctuation-mediated pairing channels for predicting superconducting critical temperatures. Channe…

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