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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

The Vertical Structure and Asymmetry of Mg ii-enriched Gas in the Milky Way Disk

Xiaochuan Jiang, Taotao Fang, Shulan Yan ยท 2026

The physical properties of Milky Way Mgii-bearing gas remain poorly constrained due to the saturation of the near-UV doublet. We utilize the weaker Mgii $\lambda\lambda$1239, 1240 doublet from 482 arcโ€ฆ

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Sociology & Anthropology Preprint PDF DOI

Evidence for a Scale-Free Commercial Network in the Indus Valley Civilization: A Power Law Analysis of Harappan Seal Data

Mahesh T C ยท 2026

We present a quantitative analysis of the frequency distribution of unicorn seal attributes from the Harappan Civilization (c.\ 2600--1900 BCE), reinterpreting published typological data through the lโ€ฆ

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Observation of OAM non-conservation in entangled photon generation

Suman Karan, Anand K. Jha ยท 2026

Orbital angular momentum (OAM)-entangled states produced by spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) are considered ideal for realizing high-dimensional entangled states, which have several advanโ€ฆ

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Hyperaccreting Neutron Stars inside Massive Envelopes: The Implausibility of Thorne-\.Zytkow Objects

Patrick Chi-Kit Cheong, David Radice, Christopher L. Fryer ยท 2026

The evolution of neutron stars (NSs) embedded within massive stellar envelopes is a critical phase in binary stellar evolution, potentially leading to the formation of Thorne-\.Zytkow Objects (T\.ZOs)โ€ฆ

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Engineering Preprint PDF DOI

CRC-SAM: SAM-Based Multi-Modal Segmentation and Quantification of Colorectal Cancer in CT, Colonoscopy, and Histology Images

Daniel Lao ยท 2026

We present CRC-SAM, a unified framework for colorectal cancer segmentation across colonoscopy, CT, and histopathology images. Unlike prior single-modality methods, CRC-SAM provides consistent, modalitโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

TEMPO: Transformers for Temporal Disease Progression from Cross-Sectional Data

Hongtao Hao, Joseph L. Austerweil ยท 2026

Event-Based Models (EBMs) infer biomarker progression from cross-sectional data but typically only as ordinal sequences and rely on rigid model assumptions. We propose \textsc{Tempo}, a Transformer arโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Learning from Noisy Prompts: Saliency-Guided Prompt Distillation for Robust Segmentation with SAM

Jingxuan Kang, Ziqi Zhang, Shaoming Zheng, Shuang Li, Uday Bharat Patel, Alexander Harry Fitzhugh, Phillip Lung, Yusuf Kiberu, Nikesh Jathanna, Shahnaz Jamil-Copley, Bernhard Kainz, Chen Qin ยท 2026

Segmentation is central to clinical diagnosis and monitoring, yet the reliability of modern foundation models in medical imaging still depends on the availability of precise prompts. The Segment Anythโ€ฆ

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Core abaci and Diophantine equations I: fundamental weight

Yanbo Li, Jiansheng Zhang, Shasha Zhu ยท 2026

In the light of a series of papers on moving vectors, we define and study core abaci of classical affine types for arbitrary charge. This greatly extends the concept of cores with charge zero, and makโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

SemiGDA: Generative Dual-distribution Alignment for Semi-Supervised Medical Image Segmentation

Kaiwen Huang, Yi Zhou, Yizhe Zhang, Jingxiong Li, Tao Zhou ยท 2026

Semi-supervised learning addresses label scarcity and high annotation costs in medical image segmentation by exploiting the latent information in unlabeled data to enhance model performance. Traditionโ€ฆ

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Matched asymptotics of Rayleigh-wave fields near cuspidal ridges and gorges

Oleg Kiselev ยท 2026

We construct a local matched-asymptotic description of time-harmonic elastic fields generated by Rayleigh waves near cuspidal elements of a traction-free surface. The free surface is represented localโ€ฆ

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Comparative analysis of nonlinear elastic moduli of polystyrene, polycarbonate and PMMA

A.V. Belashov, A.A. Zhikhoreva, Y.M. Beltukov, I.V. Semenova ยท 2026

We present the comparative experimental analysis of frequency dependencies of linear (Lam\'e) and nonlinear (Murnaghan) elastic moduli of polystyrene, PMMA and polycarbonate. The measurement methodoloโ€ฆ

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

A graph-based Neural Network surrogate model for accelerating semi-analytical model of galaxy formation and evolution

Xuejie Li, Zhongxu Zhai, Xiaohu Yang, Andrew Benson, Yun Wang ยท 2026

Understanding how galaxy populations emerge and evolve from the growth of dark matter structure is a central challenge in galaxy formation theory. Semi-analytic models (SAMs) provide an efficient framโ€ฆ

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Earth & Environmental Sciences Preprint PDF DOI

A Dynamic Learning Observatory Reveals the Rapid Salinization of Satkhira, Bangladesh

Showmitra Kumar Sarkar, Sai Ravela ยท 2026

Soil salinity is a major environmental challenge in coastal Bangladesh, threatening agricultural productivity and local livelihoods. This study develops a machine-learning-based framework to predict aโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

From Pixels to Explanations: Interpretable Diabetic Retinopathy Grading with CNN-Transformer Ensembles, Visual Explainability and Vision-Language Models

Pir Bakhsh Khokhar, Carmine Gravino, Fabio Palomba, Sule Yildirim Yayilgan, Sarang Shaikh ยท 2026

The quality of diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening relies on the ability to correctly grade severity; however, many deep-learning (DL) classifiers cannot be easily interpreted in the clinical context.โ€ฆ

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

The Decay of Impact with Network Distance in Linear Diffusion Processes

Alexander Murray-Watters, Cheng Wang, John R. Hipp, Cynthia Lakon, Carter T. Butts ยท 2026

Many processes related to status, power, and influence within social networks have been modeled using forced linear diffusion models; examples include the highly successful Friedkin-Johnsen model of sโ€ฆ

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Earth & Environmental Sciences Preprint PDF DOI

Characterization of the Volatile Properties of 133P/Elst-Pizarro and Other Main-Belt Comets with JWST and Ground-Based Observations

Henry H. Hsieh, John W. Noonan, Michael S. P. Kelley, Dennis Bodewits, Jana Pittichova, Audrey Thirouin, Marco Micheli, Scott S. Sheppard, Colin O. Chandler, Theodore Kareta, Colin Snodgrass, Richard E. Cannon, Brian P. Murphy ยท 2026

We report results from an analysis of the volatile composition and evolution of main-belt comet (MBC) 133P/Elst-Pizarro using JWST NIRSpec and NIRCam observations and ground-based observations during โ€ฆ

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Mathematics Preprint PDF DOI

Khintchine's theorem for inhomogeneous simultaneous approximation with polynomial decay

Seongmin Kim ยท 2026

Khintchine's theorem on the measure dichotomy for the set of $\psi$-approximable numbers has been generalized to inhomogeneous and higher-dimensional settings. Allen and Ram\'irez conjectured that theโ€ฆ

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Reconstructive Authority Model: Runtime Execution Validity Under Partial Observability

Marcelo Fernandez - TraslaIA ยท 2026

Autonomous systems increasingly operate under partial observability where execution-relevant state is never fully accessible. Existing governance mechanisms -- trusted execution environments, oracle-sโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Beyond Land Surface Temperature: Explainable Spatial Machine Learning Reveals Urban Morphology Effects on Human-Centric Heat Stress

Yuan Wang, Shengao Yi, Xiaojiang Li, Pengyuan Liu, Zhiwei Yang, Ronita Bardhan, Rudi Stouffs ยท 2026

Heat exposure connects the built environment and public health, directly shaping the livability and sustainability of urban areas. Understanding the spatial heterogeneity of heat exposure and its drivโ€ฆ

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

CognitiveTwin: Robust Multi-Modal Digital Twins for Predicting Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer's Disease

Bulent Soykan, Gulsah Hancerliogullari Koksalmis, Hsin-Hsiung Huang, Laura J. Brattain ยท 2026

Predicting individual cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is difficult due to the heterogeneity of disease progression. Reliable clinical tools require not only high accuracy but also fairneโ€ฆ

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