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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

LLM as Clinical Graph Structure Refiner: Enhancing Representation Learning in EEG Seizure Diagnosis

Lincan Li, Zheng Chen, Yushun Dong · 2026

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are vital for automated seizure detection, but their inherent noise makes robust representation learning challenging. Existing graph construction methods, whether co…

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Engineering Preprint PDF DOI

Sequential Inference for Gaussian Processes: A Signal Processing Perspective

Daniel Waxman, Fernando Llorente, Petar M. Djuric · 2026

The proliferation of capable and efficient machine learning (ML) models marks one of the strongest methodological shifts in signal processing (SP) in its nearly 100-year history. ML models support the…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Domain-wall melting in all-to-all QSSEP from random-matrix theory

Denis Bernard, Lorenzo Piroli, Stefano Scopa · 2026

We study the melting of a domain wall in the quantum simple exclusion process with all-to-all hoppings (a.k.a. the charged SYK$_2$ model). We show that the real-time dynamics of physical quantities of…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Index-Assisted Stratified Sampling for Online Aggregation

Yunnan Yu, Zhuoyue Zhao · 2026

Ad-hoc queries over frequently updated data in a flat schema are common in real-time data analysis applications and often require very low latency. Online aggregation can achieve so by providing appro…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Weak-to-Strong Measurement Transition with Thermal Instabilities

Marcos V. S. Lima, Carlos H. S. Vieira, Irismar G. da Paz, Pedro R. Dieguez, Lucas S. Marinho · 2026

Quantum measurement is physically realized through a finite dynamical interaction between a system and a measuring apparatus, giving rise to a continuous transition from weak to strong regimes. While …

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Normativity and Productivism: Ableist Intelligence? A Degrowth Analysis of AI Sign Language Translation Tools for Deaf People

Nina Seron-Abouelfadil, Poppy Fynes · 2026

Sign languages, of any geographical or accentual variation, understandably face continuous scrutiny under the ever present popularity of verbal dictation and audism. Through this, many potential probl…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Kernel-based independence and mean independence tests for weakly dependent data

Daniel Diz-Castro, Manuel Febrero-Bande, Wenceslao Gonzalez-Manteiga · 2026

We provide a unified framework for independence and mean independence tests based on the Hilbert-Schmidt independence criterion, extending some previous results in the literature to hold in general to…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

Perfectly Private Over-the-Air Computation

Shudi Weng, Ming Xiao, Mikael Skoglund · 2026

This paper studies a key research question: how to achieve perfect privacy in over-the-air computation (AirComp)? The problem is particularly intriguing due to a dilemma. Real-field operations can ens…

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Computer Science Preprint PDF DOI

NeuroRing: Scaling Spiking Neural Networks via Multi-FPGA Bidirectional Ring Topologies and Stream-Dataflow Architectures

Muhammad Ihsan Al Hafiz, Artur Podobas · 2026

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are a promising paradigm for energy-efficient event-driven computation, but large-scale SNN execution remains challenging because sparse spike communication and synchron…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Early Detection of Water Stress by Plant Electrophysiology: Machine Learning for Irrigation Management

Eduard Buss, Till Aust, Heiko Hamann · 2026

Purpose: Fast detection of plant stress is key to plant phenotyping, precision agriculture, and automated crop management. In particular, efficient irrigation management requires early identification …

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

MIFair: A Mutual-Information Framework for Intersectionality and Multiclass Fairness

Jeanne Monnier, Thomas George, Frederic Guyard, Christele Tarnec, Marios Kountouris · 2026

Fairness in machine learning remains challenging due to its ethical complexity, the absence of a universal definition, and the need for context-specific bias metrics. Existing methods still struggle w…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Response to: "A note on conditional densities, Bayes' rule, and recent criticisms of Bayesian inference" by Yan et al., 2026

Klaus Mosegaard, Andrew Curtis · 2026

In a recent preprint (Mosegaard and Curtis, 2024, arXiv:2411.13570v2) we analyzed the consequences of ignoring the well-known inconsistency of classical conditional probability densities. We explained…

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Sociology & Anthropology Preprint PDF DOI

Universal statistical laws governing culinary design

Ganesh Bagler, Gopal Krishna Tewari, Aditya Raj Yadav, Akshat Singh, Pranay Bansal, Ujjval Dargar, Mansi Goel, Madhvi Kumari Sinha · 2026

Cooking is a cultural expression of human creativity that transcends geography and time through the orchestration of ingredients and techniques, much like languages do through words and syntax. Yet, b…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Kernelized Advantage Estimation: From Nonparametric Statistics to LLM Reasoning

Shijin Gong, Kai Ye, Jin Zhu, Xinyu Zhang, Hongyi Zhou, Chengchun Shi · 2026

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have increasingly relied on reinforcement learning (RL) to improve their reasoning capabilities. Three approaches have been widely adopted: (i) Proximal…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Discontinuous BBP transitions

Dario Bocchi, Giulio Biroli, Chiara Cammarota, Federico Ricci-Tersenghi · 2026

The Baik-Ben Arous-Peche (BBP) transition sets fundamental limits for detecting low-rank structure in noisy high-dimensional data and underlies a wide range of spectral methods in many fields from phy…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

The Large Array Survey Telescope-Pipeline. II. Image Subtraction and Transient Detection

R. Konno, E. O. Ofek, A. Krassilchtchikov, Y. Shvartzvald, S. Ben-Ami, D. Polishook, C. Tishler, E. Segre, S. Garrappa, E. A. Zimmermann, A. Horowicz, P. Chen, A. Gal-Yam, M. Engel, Y. M. Shani, S. A. Spitzer, S. Fainer, O. Yaron, A. Blumenzweig · 2026

Context. The Large Array Survey Telescope (LAST) is a wide-field visual-band survey designed to explore the variable and transient sky with high cadence. Its raw data stream is automatically processed…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Multivariate mixed models with model-free random effects

Angela Andreella, Livio Finos · 2026

Linear mixed models are widely used to analyze non-independent data, but inference for fixed effects can be unreliable under misspecification of the random-effects distribution, inaccurate Fisher info…

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Physics Preprint PDF DOI

Discrete Lattice Models for Interface Growth on a Complete Graph

J. M. Marcos, J. J. Melendez, R. Cuerno, J. J. Ruiz-Lorenzo · 2026

We investigate the behavior of discrete interface growth models belonging to the Edwards--Wilkinson (EW) and Kardar--Parisi--Zhang (KPZ) universality classes, when defined on a complete graph, a topol…

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Neuroscience Preprint PDF DOI

On Agentic Behavioral Modeling

Dirk Ostwald, Rasmus Bruckner, Franziska Usee, Belinda Fleischmann, Joram Soch, Sean Mulready · 2026

Integrating theoretical neuroscience, decision theory, and probabilistic inference offers a promising route to understanding human cognition, yet concrete methodological bridges between agentic AI mod…

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AI & Data Science Preprint PDF DOI

Meta-Analysis Without Normality: Estimating the True Effect Distribution with Penalized Gaussian Mixtures

Daihe Sui, Elizabeth Tipton · 2026

Standard random-effects meta-analysis relies heavily on the assumption that the underlying true effects are normally distributed. In the social sciences, where evidence synthesis increasingly involves…

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